Peaceful Islamist Mobilization in the Muslim World What Went Right
In Peaceful Islamist Mobilization in the Muslim World: What Went Right , Julie Chernov Hwang presents a compelling and innovative new theory and framework for examining the variation in Islamist mobilization strategies in Muslim Asia and the Middle East.
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Peaceful Islamist Mobilization in the Muslim World What Went Right
Julie Chernov Hwang
PEACEFUL ISLAMIST MOBILIZATION IN THE MUSLIM WORLD
Copyright © Julie Chernov Hwang, 2009. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2009 978-0-230-61767-4 All rights reserved. First published in 2009 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the United States - a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978-0-230-12070-9
ISBN 978-0-230-10011-4 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9780230100114 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data. Chernov Hwang, Julie. Peaceful Islamist mobilization in the Muslim world: what went right / Julie Chernov Hwang. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Political participation—Islamic countries. 2. Islam and politics. 3. Political parties—Islamic countries. 4. Islamic countries—Politics and government. I. Title. JQ1852.A91C44 2009 323’.042091767—dc22
2008055873
A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Macmillan Publishing Solutions. First edition: October 2009 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
For Dae
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Contents
List of Figures
ix
List of Tables
xi
Acknowledgments
xiii
Abbreviations and Acronyms
xvii
1
Introduction
1
2 Islamist Mobilization and Variation in the Turkish State
23
3
Does Participation Matter? Effective Authoritarianism in New Order Indonesia
47
4 The Incredible Indonesian Journey: Aspiring beyond the Ineffective Participatory State
75
5 The Effective Participatory State of Malaysia
111
6 Political Access and Public Goods in the Muslim World
139
7 Conclusion: Patterns of Mobilization
161
Glossary
175
Notes
181
Bibliography
213
Index
229
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List of Figures
Category 1.1 The Effective Participatory State
13
Category 1.2 The Effective Authoritarian State
13
Category 1.3 The Ineffective Participatory State
14
Category 1.4 The Ineffective Authoritarian State
15
Figure 7.1 Variation in Participation
163
Figure 7.2 Variation in Capacity
165
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List of Tables
Table 1.1 State effectiveness versus participation
12
Table 4.1 Islamic and Islamist parties descended from Masyumi and Nahdlatul Ulama
78
Table 4.2 Indonesia’s 1999 election results: People’s representative assembly
79
Table 4.3 Indonesia’s legislative election results compared: 1999 and 2004
80
Table 4.4 Islamist party alliances
81
Table 4.5 Local government regulations on mora
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