Peculiarities of foam glass synthesis from natural silica-containing raw materials
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Peculiarities of foam glass synthesis from natural silica‑containing raw materials Elena A. Yatsenko1 · Boris M. Goltsman1 · Lyudmila V. Klimova1 · Lyubov A. Yatsenko1 Received: 8 August 2019 / Accepted: 29 June 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract The production of foamed silicate materials using foam glass technology promotes using of environmentally friendly fireresistant heat-insulating materials. At the same time, it is urgent to search for different silicate materials, which could be used instead of common glass powder. A new promising way to produce foamed silicate materials is “hydrate” foaming. It is based on an interaction between SiO2 and alkali solution with a formation of sodium hydrosilicate mixture. Further heating leads to a water vapor release that forms the softened silicate mass. This study describes the technology of preparation and heat treatment of initial raw mixtures, their synthesis, the properties of the synthesized samples (density, porosity) and their internal structure. A comparative analysis of the processes occurring during the heat treatment of the initial diatomite and the developed compositions was performed. The processes occurring during foaming of foam glass using a “waterglass– glycerol” mixture were considered using differential thermal calorimetry. The role of each component of the mixture was revealed, and the perspective of their introduction was justified, as it allows obtaining a material with a density of 190 kg m−3. Keywords Sodium hydroxide · Foam glass · Diatomite · Foaming · Glycerol
Introduction Foam glass is an innovative building material, based on the ability of silicate glasses to reduce viscosity gradually, without sharp melting. Due to this, when the glass powder is heated with an addition of the foaming substances, a viscous mass with gas-filled pores distributed in it is formed. Further rapid cooling increases the glass mass viscosity and stabilizes the resulting porous structure. Therefore, foam glass has a unique set of properties: low thermal conductivity, fire and environmental safety, high chemical and biological resistance, resistance to high and low temperatures, long service life, as well as the possibility of obtaining products of the required shape and size, for example, protection of pipes and elements of the pipeline system. Therefore, the development and modernization of foam glass technology currently are an actively developing area of chemical technology. The main disadvantage of foam glass is its relatively high cost that is due to the scarcity of the main raw * Boris M. Goltsman [email protected] 1
Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), Novocherkassk, Russia 346428
material—glass (specially prepared or recycled). In this regard, the possibility of using a wide range of natural and man-made silicate materials as a main raw material is very important for foam glass. The range of silicate raw materials is extremely wide, providing an extensive raw material base for the production of foam glass.
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