Peculiarities of the Synthesis of Ternary Fe-Al-Sn Intermetallic Compound from Mechanically Alloyed Materials
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FE-AL binary alloys fall into the category of technically important materials because they possess a set of good operational characteristics. Intermetallic compounds of the Fe-Al system hold much promise as engineered materials to be used in high-temperature and hostile environments.[1,2] Improved mechanical properties, in particular, can be achieved by controlling the composition (doping elements) and the emerging microstructure. Many experiments show that the introduction of some additives into Fe-Al-based alloys improves their physical properties. For example, boron addition can significantly refine such mechanical properties as ductility.[3–6] A twofold increase in the total magnetostriction of polycrystalline Fe80Al20 was found with the addition of 2 at. pct boron compared with a sample without doping.[7–9] Another study[10] predicted the importance for technical applications of Fe-Al-based materials with gallium additives because of their magnetoelastic properties and good mechanical strength. The ternary Fe-AlV system near stoichiometry of the D03 superlattice— (Fe1−xVx)3Al—exhibits anomalous electron transport properties.[11] The choice of composition Fe60Al35Sn5 of the Fe-Al-Sn ternary system in Reference 12 was based on findings by Liu,[13] who discovered that adding A.K. ALSAEDI, A.G. IVANOVA, and E.V. VORONINA are with the Institute of Physics, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia 420008. Contact e-mail: [email protected] A.K. ARZHNIKOV is with the Physical-Technical Institute of UdmFRC UB RAS, Izhevsk, Russia 426000. Manuscript submitted October 2, 2019. METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
a small amount of Sn to the SnxAl2.5FeCoNiCu compound improved the strength and ductility of the alloy. Although Sn belongs to non-traditional alloying elements, additional alloying of metal with tin noticeably improves its machining conditions when cutting with a steel tool.[14] Therefore, the practical application of iron-aluminum alloys with an additional third element has not yet been exhausted and understanding the effect of such doping on structure formation and functional properties of these materials is important.[3,6] Additionally, the ordered Fe-Al alloys with Al content of 25 to 40 at. pct are interesting model systems for studying the nature and stabilization of magnetic nanoinhomogeneities in magnetic materials with homogeneous structures, particularly incommensurate spin spiral structures.[15] Fe-Al systems are prepared using various non-equilibrium techniques. Mechanical alloying synthesizes intermetallic compounds and solid solutions, including immiscible systems.[16] The process of alloying has previously been studied in detail,[17–22] where a mechanism for nanostructure formation, including in Fe-Al and Fe-Sn systems, has been suggested. The advantage of this process is that the state of the products is highly nonequilibrium.[23] The final product of mechanical alloying contains various defects and lattice deformations. Therefore, heat treatment after mechanical alloying is necess
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