Performance assessment of hybrid fibrous fillers on the tribological and thermo-mechanical behaviors of elastomer modifi
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Performance assessment of hybrid fibrous fillers on the tribological and thermo‑mechanical behaviors of elastomer modified phenolic resin friction composite Prosenjit Ghosh1 · Shib Shankar Banerjee2 · Dipak Khastgir1 Received: 19 December 2019 / Accepted: 4 March 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract The tribological and thermo-mechanical properties of multi-component friction composites can be improved through the addition of hybrid fibrous components. The present article reports an empirical route for optimization of the relative proportion of two fibrous fillers viz. aramid pulp and lapinus fibers in a friction compound where the matrix component consists of phenolic resin modified with particulate acrylonitrile butadiene rubber powder. The effects of the change in net fiber concentration, as well as the relative proportion of these two fibrous components (aramid/lapinus) on different properties of friction composites like the coefficient of friction, rate of wear, thermal conductivity, and thermal decomposition were systematically investigated to get optimized composition. Aramid pulp concentration was changed from 10 to 40 phr (parts per hundreds of phenolic resin) whereas lapinus fiber from 50 to 300 phr. It was found that the 20 phr aramid pulp loaded composites show a stable coefficient of friction of 0.24 irrespective of the relative proportion of lapinus fibers. The specific wear rate of the composites having less fiber content is found to be better than that of composites with higher loading. However, the addition of fiber in composites improves thermal conductivity. In fact, the thermal conductivity of fiber loaded composites is ~ 2.5-fold higher than that of the unfilled one. The morphological analysis of the worn surfaces through the scanning electron microscopy reveals that the abrasive wear mechanism dominates during wear process. Keywords Friction composite · Fiber · Wear · Thermal conductivity · Thermal decomposition
1 Introduction Friction materials are the most important part of a brake system as these have control over the driving efficiency and safety of a moving vehicle. During the service period, friction material of a brake system should have a stable and high friction coefficient, low wear rate, good heat fade resistance, and less noise generation [1, 2]. Mineral based asbestos like fibrous component which was earlier used frequently in friction compounds is now prohibited
because of environmental reasons [3]. Rather, the nonasbestos organic (NAO) components are now being used in multi-phase composite based brake friction materials. However, at present, the vehicle industry is undergoing dramatic improvements to fulfill the latest technical requirements that demand the development of newer composite materials with improved properties and performance. This latest technological demand has initiated the research for the development of high-performance brake friction materials [4]. Development of new formulations
Dr. Dipak Khastgir—Deceased. * Prosenjit Ghosh, jit.pghosh
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