Performance of Direct-Seeded Rice as Influenced by Dual Cropping with Nitrogen Levels and Weed Management Practices in P
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SHORT COMMUNICATION
Performance of Direct-Seeded Rice as Influenced by Dual Cropping with Nitrogen Levels and Weed Management Practices in Prayagraj Region of Eastern Uttar Pradesh Suryendra Singh1 • S. Elamathi2 Lalita Prakash Masih1
•
Gautam Ghosh1 • P. Anandhi2
•
Received: 10 January 2019 / Revised: 17 March 2019 / Accepted: 11 January 2020 The National Academy of Sciences, India 2020
Abstract A field experiment was conducted at Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Prayagraj (U.P.), India, to evaluate the performance of direct-seeded rice (DSR) as influenced by dual cropping with nitrogen levels and weed management practices. Dual cropping of Sesbania with 100% recommended dose of nitrogen gave comparable yields with higher net returns and C/B ratio for both the years. Pretilachlor plus (@ 0.3 kg a.i./ha) as pre-emergence application followed by hand-weeding (HW) at 45 days after sowing (DAS) was effective in controlling weeds and increasing yields of DSR which resulted in higher economic returns than HW twice at 20 and 45 DAS. The results showed that farmers could save 56% human labour, 73% machine labour and 25% irrigation water as compared to transplanted rice; thus, DSR technology has the potential to increase farmers’ income and save natural resources.
Significance statement Puddled transplanted rice is facing severe constraints because of water and labour scarcity and climate changes. Direct-seeded rice is a cost-effective viable alternative to transplanted rice with potential to save water, reduce labour requirement and mitigate greenhouse gas emission and for rescuing farmers. Directseeded rice ? 75% RDN with dual cropping of Sesbania or Azolla recorded increased net income of 33,700 and 36,800/ha in addition to saving of 25% nitrogen in the rice-based cropping system to overcome the problems of rising cost of rice cultivation, labour and water shortage and even problem of rice residue burning. & Suryendra Singh [email protected] 1
Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, U.P. 211007, India
2
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641003, India
Keywords Direct-seeded rice Dual cropping Sesbania Azolla Weed management Yield and economics
Rice–wheat cropping system (RWCS) is the world’s biggest agricultural production system covering around 12.3 m/ha in India, and approximately 85% of this area falls in IndoGangetic Plains (IGP) [1, 2]. Farmers in IGP of India are facing several problems (e.g. higher agricultural wages, declining soil health, declining underground water, residue management, etc.), and the need for resources conservation is imperative. With yield stagnation and increasing energy prices, agriculture in India is becoming a costly proposition. This can have an adverse impact on the income of farmers and would pose a greater threat to the food security. This requires eliminating unsustainable components of conventional agriculture (ploughing/tilling the soil, mon
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