Performance of the international physical activity questionnaire (short form) in subgroups of the Hong Kong chinese popu
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RESEARCH
Open Access
Performance of the international physical activity questionnaire (short form) in subgroups of the Hong Kong chinese population Paul H Lee1, YY Yu1, Ian McDowell2, Gabriel M Leung1, TH Lam1* and Sunita M Stewart3
Abstract Background: The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF) has been validated and recommended as an efficient method to assess physical activity, but its validity has not been investigated in different population subgroups. We examined variations in IPAQ validity in the Hong Kong Chinese population by six factors: sex, age, job status, educational level, body mass index (BMI), and visceral fat level (VFL). Methods: A total of 1,270 adults (aged 42.9 ± SD 14.4 years, 46.1% male) completed the Chinese version of IPAQ (IPAQ-C) and wore an accelerometer (ActiGraph) for four days afterwards. The IPAQ-C and the ActiGraph were compared in terms of estimated Metabolic Equivalent Task minutes per week (MET-min/wk), minutes spent in activity of moderate or vigorous intensity (MVPA), and agreement in the classification of physical activity. Results: The overall Spearman correlation (r) of between the IPAQ-C and ActiGraph was low (0.11 ± 0.03; range in subgroups 0.06-0.24) and was the highest among high VFL participants (0.24 ± 0.05). Difference between selfreported and ActiGraph-derived MET-min/wk (overall 2966 ± 140) was the smallest among participants with tertiary education (1804 ± 208). When physical activity was categorized into over or under 150 min/wk, overall agreement between self-report and accelerometer was 81.3% (± 1.1%; subgroup range: 77.2%-91.4%); agreement was the highest among those who were employed full-time in physically demanding jobs (91.4% ± 2.7%). Conclusions: Sex, age, job status, educational level, and obesity were found to influence the criterion validity of IPAQ-C, yet none of the subgroups showed good validity (r = 0.06 to 0.24). IPAQ-SF validity is questionable in our Chinese population. Keywords: Accelerometry, Assessment, Exercise, MET, Validation
Introduction Physical activity greatly contributes to overall health and mental well-being and is associated with reduced mortality [1-3], but physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyles have reached epidemic proportions [4]. Much attention has been paid to developing reliable and valid instruments to estimate activity levels and to measure the impact of interventions to promote physical activity [5]. Objective methods for measuring physical activity include motion sensors (e.g., pedometers or accelerometers) and measures of * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 FAMILY: A Jockey Club Initiative for a Harmonious Society, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
physiological response to exercise, such as heart rate monitors [6,7]. The accelerometer is often used as the gold standard against which self-report questionnaires are compared [8]. Thoug
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