Permanent GNSS Network Optimization Considering TectonicMotions
The contribution discusses the optimal design of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) network compromising between the estimation of the tectonic motion with other geodetic criteria. It considers the case of a pre-existing network to be densified b
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Abstract
The contribution discusses the optimal design of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) network compromising between the estimation of the tectonic motion with other geodetic criteria. It considers the case of a pre-existing network to be densified by the addition of new stations. An optimization principle that minimizes the error of the estimated background motion and maximizes the spatial uniformity of the stations is formulated. A means to solve approximately the proposed target function is presented. The proposed procedure is preliminary tested for the case of the densification of the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) GNSS network in Italy. Keywords
Background motion GNSS Network Optimization Tectonic motions
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Introduction
The densification of a GNSS permanent network is a common problem for both national and international permanent networks. The paper considers the problem of the design of a permanent Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) network that best allows to estimate the velocities of its stations. The optimization principle will account for the presence of already installed N0 stations, and will seek an optimum for the position for the remaining N N0 stations. This has been designed to solve a practical problem for the Italian context. Two different criteria are going to be L. Pertusini () Geomatics Research and Development srl, Lomazzo, Italy e-mail: [email protected] G. Tagliaferro Geomatics Research and Development srl, Lomazzo, Italy Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ambientale, Milano, Italy R. Pacione e-GEOS S.p.A., Roma, Italy G. Bianco Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Roma, Italy
considered for the creation of a target function. The first one aims to best estimate the tectonic background motion, the second one is the spatial uniformity of the stations. As we will see in order to define the best placement of the new stations we need a prior knowledge of what we will call the background (or smooth) motion/pattern. Since this can be generally achieved by monitoring a dense network of already existing GNSS stations, it might seem that the purpose of the paper is in contradiction with the existing prior information. However this is not the case, because we are talking of two different types of networks; one is a reference network that must satisfy all the criteria of uniform highlevel accuracy, continuity, archiving and availability of the data, robustness of the station monumentation, etc., as stated by International agreements on standards (Bruyninx 2013); among other things this reference network is generally analyzed in a consistent and continuous way by some authority that can also guarantee the correctness of the results. This is the net for which the problem of an optimal increase from N0 to N stations is studied. The second type of network is not in reality a unique net, but rather a congeries of GNSS networks implemented by different public or private entities for completely different purposes, sometimes giving data over different
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