Optimization design of stabilizing piles in slopes considering spatial variability
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RESEARCH PAPER
Optimization design of stabilizing piles in slopes considering spatial variability Wenping Gong1 • Huiming Tang1 • C. Hsein Juang2 • Lei Wang3 Received: 2 August 2019 / Accepted: 30 March 2020 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Although advances in piling equipment and technologies have extended the global use of stabilizing piles (to stabilize slope or landslide), the design of stabilizing piles remains a challenge. Specifically, the installation of stabilizing piles can alter the behavior of the slope; and the spatial variability of the geotechnical parameters required in the design is difficult to characterize with certainty, which can degrade the design performance. This paper presents an optimization-based design framework for stabilizing piles. The authors explicitly consider the coupling between the stabilizing piles and the slope, and the robustness of the stability of the reinforced slope against the spatial variability of the geotechnical parameters. The proposed design framework is implemented as a multiobjective optimization problem considering the design robustness as an objective, in addition to safety and cost efficiency, two objectives considered in the conventional design approaches. The design of stabilizing piles in an earth slope is studied as an example to illustrate the effectiveness of this new design framework. A comparison study is also undertaken to demonstrate the superiority of this new framework over the conventional design approaches. Keywords Design robustness Factor of safety Multiobjective optimization Slope Spatial variability Stabilizing piles
1 Introduction ‘‘Stabilizing piles’’ are the piles that are installed to stabilize unstable slopes or active landslides, which transfer part of the earth pressure from the upper unstable layer to & Lei Wang [email protected] Wenping Gong [email protected] Huiming Tang [email protected] C. Hsein Juang [email protected] 1
Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
2
Department of Civil Engineering and Graduate Institute of Applied Geology, National Central University, Taoyuan City 32001, Taiwan
3
Department of Civil Engineering, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC 20008, USA
the lower stable layer, thus improving the stability of the geomaterials behind the piles [40, 45, 59]. Since their inception, stabilizing piles have been widely used in the mitigation of slope instability and landslide geohazards. For example, many active landslides and unstable slopes in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area have been reinforced with stabilizing piles [47, 48]. It is known that the installation of stabilizing piles can greatly alter the behavior of the slope. The stability of a reinforced slope could be evaluated with both uncoupled and coupled methods. In an uncoupled analysis, the earth pressure and its distribution along the piles are first estimated, followed by the use of the ear
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