Persistence and Effects of Processing on Reduction of Chlorantraniliprole Residues on Cowpea Fruits
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Persistence and Effects of Processing on Reduction of Chlorantraniliprole Residues on Cowpea Fruits V. Vijayasree • Hebsy Bai • S. Naseema Beevi • Thomas Biju Mathew • Vijayarahava Kumar • Thomas George • George Xavier
Received: 30 October 2012 / Accepted: 20 December 2012 / Published online: 3 January 2013 Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2012
Abstract A field trial was conducted to study the dissipation kinetics of chlorantraniliprole 18.5 % SC on cowpea fruits. The fruit samples drawn periodically were analyzed by liquid chromatography and tandem mass detection (LC– MS/MS). The initial residues of chlorantraniliprole in cowpea fruits were found to be 0.55 mg kg-1 which dissipated rapidly, with a half-life of 1.31 days and a waiting period of 0.62 days following first order kinetics. Processing of the fruits with solutions commonly used in households reduced the insecticide residues on cowpea fruits harvested 2 h after spraying by 47.19 %–91.70 % and 44.56 %–91.25 % on fruits plucked on the third day. Keywords Cowpea Chlorantraniliprole Residue Dissipation Decontamination
Cowpea or the yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdc.) is a popular vegetable in India which is harvested at an immature stage of development
V. Vijayasree (&) H. Bai S. Naseema Beevi T. B. Mathew G. Xavier Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellayani P.O., Thiruvananthapuram 695522, Kerala, India e-mail: [email protected] V. Kumar Department of Agricultural Statistics, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellayani P.O., Thiruvananthapuram 695522, Kerala, India T. George Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellayani P.O., Thiruvananthapuram 695522, Kerala, India
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and consumed. It is valued as a nutritional supplement to cereals and an extender of animal proteins. A major constraint in the cultivation of the crop is the threat posed by an array of insects among which the lepidopteran pod borers take a heavy toll of the crop in the country. Quite often, insecticides are required to protect the crop from these noxious pests. Usage of insecticides during the fruiting stage may lead to accumulation of residues in the fruits. Certainly, the residue levels should not be allowed to exceed the maximum limits. Increasing awareness of the potential impact of such toxic chemistries has led to the development of ecofriendly new molecules to ensure minimum risk to man and environment. One such insecticide registered for the control of lepidopteran pests is chlorantraniliprole (Fig. 1), a novel anthranilic diamide which interrupts normal muscle contraction in insects leading to their death. The insecticide is effective against insect populations that have developed resistance to other insecticide groups, thus representing an attractive new tool for integrated pest management programs. Categorized as a ‘‘reduced risk’’ pesticide, it is recommended
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