pH-Responsive porphyrin-silica nanoparticles conjugate via ionic self-assembly
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pH-Responsive porphyrin-silica nanoparticles conjugate via ionic selfassembly Maher Fathalla1,2,3 · Lutfan Sinatra1 Accepted: 3 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Ionic self-assembly (ISA) is a powerful tool that has been exploited to create various functional nanomaterials through the electrostatic interactions of different building blocks. Herein, we disclose for the first time the synthesis and characterization of benzoic acid functionalized silica nanoparticles (MSNs-Bn) and its subsequent ISA with meso-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl)porphyrin (TMPyP) to form a pH responsive hybrid material. The resulting pH responsive conjugate is an attractive candidate as a drug delivery vehicle in which the MSNs-Bn act as a drug carrier and the TMPyP act as a capping agent for the silica nanopores. The application of these pH-responsive interactions between the negatively charged carboxylate groups on the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles and the positively charged porphyrin as a drug delivery system was investigated by studying the loading and release of Hoechst 33342 dye (a water-soluble biological stain with similar size to those of therapeutic drugs) in response to a pH change. The reported approach enables the delivery of a chemotherapeutic drug in addition to the TMPyP, which is also well-known as a photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent, thus paving the way for synergistic chemo-photodynamic cancer therapy. The study shows that the resulting conjugate demonstrate the drug delivery mechanism which is responsive to changing the pH values from 7.5 to 4.5, and can deliver about 2 wt% of the chemotherapeutic drug tested. Keywords Porphyrin · Silica nanoparticles · Drug delivery · Photodynamic therapy · Ionic self-assembly
1 Introduction The development of an efficient treatment for cancer is the ultimate goal of many biomedical researchers worldwide. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an attractive approach for the treatment of a number of diseases including cancer[1–5]. PDT is based on the generation of singlet oxygen ( 1O2) Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-020-00976-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Maher Fathalla [email protected] 1
Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, Solar and Photovoltaics Engineering Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955‑6900, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
3
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, 170, Saudi Arabia
species from a photosensitizer upon light irradiation. The produced 1O2 species cause cell death of specific cellular targets without damaging the surrounding healthy tissues. Since the photosensitizer plays a vital role in PDT outcomes, its selection is critical for efficient PDT treatment. Amongst the available photosensitizers
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