Pharmaceutical nanotechnology: which products are been designed against COVID-19?
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Pharmaceutical nanotechnology: which products are been designed against COVID-19? Iago Dillion Lima Cavalcanti Britto Lira Nogueira
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Mariane Cajubá de
Received: 12 June 2020 / Accepted: 2 September 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The current pandemic COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has been affecting thousands of people worldwide, promoting high numbers of deaths. With this, the world population is going through a process of changing habits, with social distance, improvement of hygiene techniques, to reduce the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and, consequently, reduce the number of hospitalized people in serious condition, as well as the mortality rate. This scenario has been promoting a continuous search for researchers, in the most varied areas, for possible methods of prevention or cure. Specifically, in the field of pharmaceutical nanotechnology, a variety of products are being developed against SARS-CoV-2. Under these circumstances, we propose here an exposition of some of the nanotechnological products (nanoscale between 1 to 1000 nm) currently designed for the detection of the virus, for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19, in addition to equipment for personal protection. We believe that pharmaceutical nanotechnology will be a valuable tool in the disease I. D. L. Cavalcanti (*) : M. Cajubá de Britto Lira Nogueira (*) Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo-Asami (LIKA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] I. D. L. Cavalcanti : M. Cajubá de Britto Lira Nogueira Laboratório de Nanotecnologia, Biotecnologia e Cultura de Células, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória (CAV), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Rua Alto do Reservatório, s/n, Vitória de Santo Antão 55608-680 PE, Brazil
from the development of products that guarantee our protection against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Keywords Nanomedicine . Nanotechnology products . COVID-19 . SARS-CoV-2
Introduction Pharmaceutical nanotechnology is an emerging technology that can be used in a wide range of products, including medical, food, and cosmetics (FDA 2014). These products are the ones in the nanoscale range, with sizes ranging from 1 to 1000 nm. They may have different chemical or physical properties or biological effects when compared to products with a larger scale (Melo et al. 2015; Jeevanandam et al. 2018; Khan et al. 2019). Currently, there are 8879 nanotechnology products registered in the Nanotechnology Products Database, of which 2467 companies are responsible for the production, spread in 62 countries worldwide (Nanotechnology Products Database 2020). Nanotechnology allows the increase of the bioavailability of a drug, as well as reduction of the dose and improvement of the therapeutic effect, in addition to the decrease of its toxicity. In the food area, it can be used in the production of food packaging, microbiological protection, or improved delivery of a functio
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