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Chang Q. Sun Yi Sun

The Attribute of Water Single Notion, Multiple Myths

Springer Series in Chemical Physics Volume 113

Series editors Albert W. Castleman, University Park, USA J. Peter Toennies, Göttingen, Germany Kaoru Yamanouchi, Tokyo, Japan Wolfgang Zinth, München, Germany

The purpose of this series is to provide comprehensive up-to-date monographs in both well established disciplines and emerging research areas within the broad fields of chemical physics and physical chemistry. The books deal with both fundamental science and applications, and may have either a theoretical or an experimental emphasis. They are aimed primarily at researchers and graduate students in chemical physics and related fields.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/676

Chang Q. Sun Yi Sun •

The Attribute of Water Single Notion, Multiple Myths

123

Chang Q. Sun School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore

Yi Sun Xiangtan University Changsha China and China Jiliang University Hangzhou China

ISSN 0172-6218 Springer Series in Chemical Physics ISBN 978-981-10-0178-9 ISBN 978-981-10-0180-2 DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-0180-2

(eBook)

Library of Congress Control Number: 2015960779 © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by SpringerNature The registered company is Springer Science+Business Media Singapore Pte Ltd.

Nothing is softer or more flexible than water, yet nothing can resist it. —Lao Tzu (571–470 B.C.) If there is magic on this planet, it is contained in water. —Loren Eiseley (1907–1977) The great seal of truth is simplicity. —Herman Boerhaave (1668–1738) Simplicity is about subtracting the obvious, and adding the meaningful. —John Maeda, The Laws of Simplicity, 2006 The nature of the chemical bond bridges the structures and properties of crystals and molecules. —Linus Pauling, The Natur