Philosophy Of Chemistry Synthesis of a New Discipline
This comprehensive volume marks a new standard in scholarship in the still emerging field of the philosophy of chemistry. With selections drawn from a wide range of scholarly disciplines, philosophers, chemists, and historians of science here converge to
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BOSTON STUDIES IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Editors
ROBERT S. COHEN, Boston University ¨ JURGEN RENN, Max-Planck-Institute for the History of Science KOSTAS GAVROGLU, University of Athens
Editorial Advisory Board THOMAS F. GLICK, Boston University ¨ ADOLF GRUNBAUM, University of Pittsburgh SYLVAN S. SCHWEBER, Brandeis University JOHN J. STACHEL, Boston University MARX W. WARTOFSKY†, (Editor 1960–1997)
VOLUME 242
PHILOSOPHY OF CHEMISTRY Synthesis of a New Discipline Edited by
DAVIS BAIRD University of South Carolina
ERIC SCERRI University of California at Los Angeles
and
LEE MCINTYRE Boston University
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN-10 1-4020-3256-0 (HB) Springer ISBN-10 1-4020-3261-7 (e-book) Springer ISBN-13 978-1-4020-3256-1 (HB) Springer ISBN-13 978-1-4020-3261-5 (e-book) Springer
Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved C 2006 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed in the Netherlands.
CONTENTS
I. CHEMISTRY AND THE PHILOSOPHY OF CHEMISTRY 1. “Introduction: The Invisibility of Chemistry” Davis Baird, Eric Scerri, Lee McIntyre 2. “The Philosophy of Chemistry: From Infancy Toward Maturity” Joachim Schummer
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II. CHEMISTRY AND THE HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE 3. “Aristotle’s Theory of Chemical Reaction and Chemical Substances” Paul Needham 4. “Kant’s Legacy for the Philosophy of Chemistry” J. van Brakel, K.U. Leuven
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III. CHEMISTRY AND CURRENT PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE 5. “The Conceptual Structure of the Sciences: Reemergence of the Human Dimension” Otto Theodor Benfey 6. “Normative and Descriptive Philosophy of Science and the Role of Chemistry” Eric R. Scerri
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119
vi
CONTENTS
7. “How Classical Models of Explanation Fail to Cope with Chemistry—The Case of Molecular Modeling” Johannes Hunger 8. “Professional Ethics in Science” Jeffrey Kovac
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IV. CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 9. “Is There Downward Causation in Chemistry?” Robin Findlay Hendry 10. “Physics in the Crucible of Chemistry: Ontological Boundaries and Epistemological Blueprints” G.K. Vemulapalli
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V. CHEMICAL THEORY AND FOUNDATIONAL QUESTIONS 11. “Some Philosophical Implications of Chemical Symmetry” Joseph E. Earley 12. “The Periodic Systems of Molecules: Presuppositions, Problems and Prospects” Ray Hefferlin 13. “A New Paradigm for Schr¨odinger and Kohn” Jack R. Woodyard
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221
245
VI. CHEMISTRY AND ITS TOOLS OF REPRESENTATION 14. “Virtual Tools: The Epistemological and Social Issues of Computer-Aided Chemical Process Design” Ann Johnson
273
15. “Space in Molecular Representation;
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