Photobiomodulation with 808-nm diode laser enhances gingival wound healing by promoting migration of human gingival mese
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Photobiomodulation with 808-nm diode laser enhances gingival wound healing by promoting migration of human gingival mesenchymal stem cells via ROS/JNK/NF-κB/MMP-1 pathway Jie Feng 1 & Xiaoyan Li 1 & Siying Zhu 1 & Yongmei Xie 2 & Juan Du 1 & Huabing Ge 2 & Yuxing Bai 3 & Yi Liu 1 & Lijia Guo 3 Received: 25 September 2019 / Accepted: 17 May 2020 # Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been shown to improve wound healing by promoting mesenchymal stem cell migration and proliferation. However, it remains unknown whether an 808-nm diode laser can influence human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (HGMSCs), and which dose this works well. In the present study, it was found that PBM could promote the migration of HGMSCs but not the proliferation. Furthermore, PBM could activate mitochondrial ROS, which could elevate the phosphorylation levels of JNK and IKB in HGMSCs, and further activate NF-κB as the nuclear translocation of p65 is elevated. Taken together, these present results indicate that PBM might promote cell migration via the ROS/JNK/NF-κB pathway. Keywords PBM . Migration . ROS . JNK . Mitochondria . NF-κB
Introduction Wound healing is a complex procedure, and inflammation, tissue reparation, and remodeling are sequenced and overlapped in this process [1]. Cell proliferation, migration and differentiation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition are all involved in this process. In order to accelerate wound healing speed, all kinds of chemical, biological, and physical methods were used, and laser is one of the physical methods for promoting wound healing process. Compared with medication, a laser can directly affect the wound surface area without trauma or pain, and has no side effects on other parts of the body. The Er:YAG laser, Nd:YAG laser, Er,Cr:YSGG laser, CO2 laser, and diode laser are the commonly used lasers in the oral cavity. Low-level laser (LLL) is a special type of laser that has
* Lijia Guo [email protected] 1
Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
2
Department of General, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
3
Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
a biological regulation function to tissues, and this was first used by Mester in 1967 [2]. Subsequently, the term “low-level laser therapy” was replaced by photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy as the recommended index term. PBM is known to have low energy, no thermal effect, and no tissue invasion. Recent studies have shown that PBM could promote wound healing by promoting tissue repair decreasing inflammation, and producing analgesia [3–6]. Due to these advantages, PBM has been widely used in nerve injuries, osteoarthritis, pain relief, and wound healing. Many in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that LLL
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