Phylogeny, Prevalence, and Shiga Toxin (Stx) Production of Clinical Escherichia coli O157 Clade 2 Strains Isolated in Sh
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Phylogeny, Prevalence, and Shiga Toxin (Stx) Production of Clinical Escherichia coli O157 Clade 2 Strains Isolated in Shimane Prefecture, Japan Jun Kawase1 · Shinichiro Hirai2 · Eiji Yokoyama3 · Fumi Hayashi1 · Morito Kurosaki1 · Yuta Kawakami1 · Aiko Fukuma1 · Tomotake Sakai1 · Mayuko Kotani1 · Hiroshi Asakura4 Received: 22 June 2020 / Accepted: 12 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study investigated the genetic and pathogenic variation of the subgroups of clade 2 strains of Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157. A total of 111 strains of STEC O157 isolated in Shimane prefecture, Japan, were classified in clade 2 (n = 39), clade 3 (n = 16), clade 4/5 (n = 3), clade 7 (n = 14), clade 8 (n = 17), and clade 12 (n = 22) by singlenucleotide polymorphism analysis and lineage-specific polymorphism assay-6. These results showed a distinct difference from our previous study in which clade 3 strains were the most prevalent strains in three other prefectures in Japan, indicating that the clade distribution of O157 strains was different in different geographic areas in Japan. Phylogenetic analysis using insertion sequence (IS) 629 distribution data showed that clade 2 strains formed two clusters, designated 2a and 2b. Stx2 production by cluster 2b strains was significantly higher than by cluster 2a strains (P
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