The prevalence and mechanism of triclosan resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from urine samples in Wenzhou, China
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(2020) 9:161
RESEARCH
Open Access
The prevalence and mechanism of triclosan resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from urine samples in Wenzhou, China Weiliang Zeng1, Wenya Xu2, Ye Xu2, Wenli Liao2, Yajie Zhao1, Xiangkuo Zheng1, Chunquan Xu2, Tieli Zhou2* and Jianming Cao1*
Abstract Background: The widespread application of triclosan contributes to its residual deposition in urine, which provides an environment of long-term exposure to triclosan for the intestinal Escherichia coli. We determined the triclosan and antibiotic resistance characteristics of E. coli strains isolated from urine samples and further investigated the resistance mechanism and molecular epidemic characteristics of triclosan-resistant E. coli isolates. Methods: A total of 200 non-repetitive E. coli strains were isolated from urine samples and then identified. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of triclosan and antibiotics, fabI mutation, efflux pump activity, the expression of 14 efflux pump encoding genes, and epidemiological characteristics were determined by the agar dilution method, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) inhibition test, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) for all triclosan-resistant isolates. Furthermore, we also investigated the effect of triclosan exposure in vitro on antibiotic susceptibility and the efflux pump encoding gene expressions of triclosansusceptible strains via serial passage experiments. (Continued on next page)
* Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] 2 Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China 1 Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Zeng et al. Antimicrobial Resistance and
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