Physicochemical, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of juice and seed oil of cactus pear Opuntia aequatorialis and
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RESEARCH ARTICLES
Physicochemical, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of juice and seed oil of cactus pear Opuntia aequatorialis and Opuntia leucotricha Youssef El Kharrassi1,2,3 · Ezzouhra El Maaidan3,5 · Abdelghani Chakhchar4 · Mouna Lamaoui6 · Thouria Bourhim7 · Achraf Mabrouk3 · Abdel Khalid Essamadi3 · Khadija Moustaid5 · Boubker Nasser3 Received: 6 February 2020 / Revised: 6 August 2020 / Accepted: 11 August 2020 © Society for Plant Research 2020
Abstract The present study aims to design for the first time the physicochemical properties, fatty acids, tocopherols and phytosterols of cactus juice and seed oil from O. aequatorialis (O.A) and O. leucotricha (O.L) than compared with two other species widely studied [O. ficus indica (O.F.I) and O. megacantha (O.M)]. Fatty acids and phytosterols were quantified by gas chromatography; whereas tocopherols were performed by HPLC. The physicochemical results showed that O.A exhibited the highest levels of acidity and proteins. The highest Vitamin C content was recorded in the juice of O.M species. Total phytosterols and tocopherols content are highest in the seed oil of O.A and O.F.I species with β-sitosterol and γ-tocopherol, the major isoforms detected. Oleic and linoleic acids were detected in fatty acids profile. The juice exhibits strong antioxidant activity. Fruits of O.A and O.L own substantial antioxidant ingredients offering add value for functional foods and contributing to the development of food and nutritional products. Keywords Antioxidant · Chromatography · Fruit juice · Opuntia · Phytochemical · Seed oil
Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42535-020-00158-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Youssef El Kharrassi [email protected] 1
African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Laâyoune, Morocco
2
AgroBioSciences Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), LOT 660‑Hay Moulay Rachid, 43150 Ben Guérir, Morocco
3
Department of Biology, University of Hassan 1st, BP 577, 26000 Settat, Morocco
4
Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de Rabat, Université Mohammed-V de Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
5
Department of Chemistry, University Hassan 1st, BP 577, Settat, Morocco
6
Institute of Botany, Justus-Liebig-University, Developmental Biology of Plants, Heinrich‑Buff‑Ring 38, 35392 Gießen, Germany
7
Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
Opuntia spp., commonly known as prickly cactus pear, nopal or barbary fig is a perennial native of Mexico, which belongs to the Cactaceae family. This species has a commercial value in the production of juices, jams and natural liquid sweeteners (Abdel-Hameed et al. 2014). Recently, scientists have focused their efforts toward Opuntia ficusindica, the most cultivated species. However, Opuntia genus has over 200 species that could be more important for the bio-industries (He
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