Physics and Chemistry of Carbon-Based Materials Basics and Applicati
This book includes the fundamental science and applications of carbon-based materials, in particular fused polycyclic hydrocarbon, fullerene, diamond, carbides, graphite and graphene etc. During the past decade, these carbon-based materials have attracted
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Physics and Chemistry of Carbon-Based Materials Basics and Applications
Physics and Chemistry of Carbon-Based Materials
Yoshihiro Kubozono Editor
Physics and Chemistry of Carbon-Based Materials Basics and Applications
123
Editor Yoshihiro Kubozono Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science Okayama University Okayama, Japan
ISBN 978-981-13-3416-0 ISBN 978-981-13-3417-7 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3417-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2019930441 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
Preface
Carbon being one of the most fundamental elements in nature, carbon-based materials have attracted a great deal of attention during the past century. All organisms on Earth consist of carbon-based structures, and many materials important to human society are based on carbon. Carbon is the Group 14 element that has four valence electrons and forms different types of chemical bonds (covalent bonds) using several hybridizations (sp, sp2 , and sp3 ). Chemists are quite familiar with this flexibility, as it allows the formation of a wide variety of very interesting materials. The chemistry of electrically conductive carbon is currently one of the most important research areas in science. Many researchers and engineers are working on the design and synthesis of new carbon-based materials that will play important roles in human society as electronic polymers, plastics, medicines, and fuel, with the range of potential applications constantly increasing. However, physicists have not been as familiar with carbon and carbon-based materials as chemists. The research targets of solid-state physics emphasiz
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