Physiological Responses of Halophytes to the Combined Effects of Salinity and Phosphorus Deficiency
Halophytes are plants which are naturally found in saline habitats where generally a number of abiotic stresses such as salinity and phosphorus (P) deficiency coexist. Although the individual effects of salinity and P shortage have been largely studied an
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Contents 1 2 3 4 5 6
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Combined Effects of Salinity and P Availability on Plant Growth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Relationships Between Salt Tolerance and P Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Combined Effects of Salinity and P Availability on P Uptake and Transport . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Combined Effects of Salinity and P Availability on Photosynthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Combined Effects of Salinity and P Availability on Water Status and Solute Accumulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Combined Effects of Salinity and P Availability on Antioxidant Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Combined Effects of Salinity and P Availability on Acid Phosphatase Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Abstract
Halophytes are plants which are naturally found in saline habitats where generally a number of abiotic stresses such as salinity and phosphorus (P) deficiency coexist. Although the individual effects of salinity and P shortage have been largely studied and are well described in the literature, information about the physiological behavior of halophytes to the combined effects of salinity and P deficiency is rare. Moreover, there is no cut mechanistic explanation about the relationships between these two stresses. However, halophytes are often subjected to the combined effects of these two stresses principally in calcareous saltaffected soils characterized by high pH and low P solubility. Cross-tolerance is the mechanism by which a plant resistance to a stress incites resistance to another. Many studies pointed out that osmotic adjustment, nutrient homeostasis, oxidative stress tolerance, and enhanced biosynthesis of
O. Talbi Zribi (*) · S. Mbarki · A. Hamdi · C. Abdelly Laboratoire des Plantes Extrêmophiles, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cédria, Tunisie, Tunisie © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 M.-N. Grigore (ed.), Handbook of Halophytes, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17854-3_53-1
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organic osmolytes and phenolic compounds play important roles in cross-tolerance of halophytes to combined stresses. In this chapter, we focus on how salinity and P deficiency interact to affect the growth, photosynthesis, water status, and nutritional behavior of some halophytic plants. A special attent
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