Planktonic Community of a Large Eutrophic Reservoir during a Period of Anomalously High Water Temperature
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CTURE AND FUNCTIONING OF AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
Planktonic Community of a Large Eutrophic Reservoir during a Period of Anomalously High Water Temperature A. I. Kopylova, *, V. I. Lazarevaa, N. M. Mineevaa, and E. A. Zabotkinaa aPapanin
Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Nekouzskii raion, Yaroslavl oblast, Russia *e-mail: [email protected]
Received January 10, 2018; revised November 27, 2018; accepted May 23, 2019
Abstract—The rise in temperature to anomalously high values for the Middle Volga (27–29°С) in the Cheboksary Reservoir in the summer of 2010 significantly increased (2–14 times) the biomass of some plankton components (phytoplankton, bacterioplankton, protozoans, and zooplankton) and the community as a whole. The total plankton biomass reached a record value of 3 g C/m3 for deep parts in the Upper and Middle Volga. The cyanobacterial bloom of water was observed in most of the reservoir. Differences in the structure of the plankton community and the bacterioplankton-to-phytoplankton production ratio were found between riverine and lacustrine parts of the reservoir. Autotrophic (in the riverine part) and heterotrophic (in the lower lacustrine part) stages of the plankton community development were observed simultaneously in different parts of the reservoir. The functioning of the plankton community in a water temperature that exceeded usual summer heating by almost 9°C led to the deterioration of water quality in the reservoir. Keywords: plankton community structure, Cheboksary reservoir, abnormally high water temperature DOI: 10.1134/S1995082920030086
over the spring one; and changes in the structure and dynamics of the plankton community have been detected in the Upper and Middle Volga (Korneva et al., 2012; Lazareva et al., 2012).
INTRODUCTION Since the beginning of the 21st century, the impact of climate change on the state of freshwater ecosystems has been analyzed in a great number of works (Mooij et al., 2005; O’Neil et al., 2012; Paerll and Huisman, 2009; Sipkay et al., 2009; The Impact …, 2010). Changes in lake and reservoir ecosystems caused by global warming are manifested in the transformation of nutrient cycles (C, N, and P), an increase in the concentration of dissolved organic matter in water, a decrease in water transparency and oxygen content in the hypolimnion, and an increase in biological invasions and intensification of eutrophication processes in shallow dy- and polymictic water bodies of the temperate zone (Adrian et al., 2009; Schindler, 2009). Since 1976, there has been a steady rise in the average water temperature for May–October (Zakonnova and Litvinov, 2016). In 2001−2012, a significant increase in the biomass and production of phytoplankton, including cyanobacteria; the prevalence of the summer maximum of phytoplankton development
Abnormal climatic phenomena often occur in the modern period, and their high probability is predicted in the nearest future (Vtoroy …, 2014). One of them was the very hot summer of 2010, when sunny weather at anom
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