Plasma microRNA levels in childhood IgA vasculitis
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Plasma microRNA levels in childhood IgA vasculitis Alper Han Cebi 1 & Ferhat Demir 2 & Mevlit Ikbal 1 & Mukaddes Kalyoncu 2 Received: 12 May 2020 / Revised: 28 September 2020 / Accepted: 5 October 2020 # International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) 2020
Abstract Introduction Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV) is the most common form of childhood systemic vasculitis. It is mostly selflimiting and characterized by skin, joint, gastrointestinal tract, and kidney involvement. Microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are 18–25 base-long non-coding RNA group acting on gene expression. They have been shown to be effective on the immune system studies to date. Method In our study, 24 IgAV children with skin and joint involvement and 24 healthy children were included. Five different miRNAs (miR-33, miR-34, miR-122, miR-204, and miR451) known to be expressed in plasma and related with autoimmunity pathogenesis were evaluated. miRNAs were compared between the active period of the disease, the post-treatment period, and the healthy group using the real-time PCR method. Results Expression levels of miRNA-33 and miRNA-34 increased significantly in active period of the patients compare with inactive period and control groups. The expression levels of miRNA-122 and miRNA-204 decreased significantly in active period of the patients compare with other two groups. There was no significant difference in miRNA-451 levels. Conclusions With the experience we gained from our recent studies, we think that miRNA-204 may be a significant biomarker in autoimmune diseases. Our study is the first study between IgAV and miRNAs in children. More studies are needed to reveal this relationship. Key Points • This is the first paper to show the relationship between miRNAs and childhood IgAV. • It will provide a new perspective to evaluate the pathogenesis of the disease.
Keywords Autoimmunity . Immunoglobulin A vasculitis . MicroRNAs . miRNA-204
Introduction Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV) before known as Henoch-Schönlein purpura is the most common small vessel vasculitis that was introduced by Heberdon about 200 years ago [1]. The disease mostly occurs under the age of 20. Frequency varies in every society according to statistical studies, but it is seen in 10/100,000 cases on average [2]. In a study between 2010 and 2014, it was revealed that its frequency was 3 to 6 times more frequent than previous estimates, due mostly
* Alper Han Cebi [email protected] 1
Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Genetics, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
2
Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatric Rheumatology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
to misdiagnosis [3]. Palpable purpura is indispensable at the diagnosis criteria of IgAV. For the diagnosis, at least one of the following must be present: arthritis or arthralgia, gastrointestinal involvement, renal involvement (hematuria or proteinuria), or IgA deposits in at least one of these tissues. Although it has been reported that it may develop s
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