Polarization Optical Image Processing Used in the Target Detection and Identification
Optical image processing is an important part of photoelectric detection, but the frequently-used method is limited in the condition of complex background, so this paper introduces a thought to improve this problem that the optical image can be made polar
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Polarization Optical Image Processing Used in the Target Detection and Identification Change Zeng, Qing Liu, Di Yang, Yonghong Zhan and Yaping Wang
30.1
Introduction
People see images everywhere and every day, and people get much more information from the images rather than other medium like words, sounds etc. The images transmit some massages to people directly, and make people understand easily. For example, we can quickly figure out where the targets are or how to get the destination in the picture without any trouble, while it is difficult to distinguish these information from words, especially for those who never be trained. On account of these advantages, the images are becoming one of the most important media people use to communicate in their everyday lives, and almost all of information people get is showed as a picture. However, there are so many noises around and disturbing the transmission of the images, especially those obtained in the faraway place to detect something useful. So it is important to make the images clearly that people can tell the differences between things they are interested in and the other background. Since then, there are so many ways used in this area of study, however, they are all methods about how to deal with the images already acquired, and their results cannot be satisfied with needs of the users all the time [1]. All of the images are the intensity characteristics of light, but the light has more than one characteristic, there are also wavelength, phase and polarization, which can be used to show different characters of the targets. For example, the wavelength can describe not only the motion characteristics, but also the temperature, component etc. of the targets with other parameters of the light, like amplitude. What’s more, the polarization of the light can show so much information about the target, such as its roughness and its complex index of refraction [2, 3], as showed in Fig. 30.1.
C. Zeng Q. Liu (&) D. Yang Y. Zhan Y. Wang Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology, Beijing 100094, China e-mail: [email protected] © Tsinghua University Press, Beijing and Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018 R. Shen and G. Dong (eds.), Proceedings of the 28th Conference of Spacecraft TT&C Technology in China, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 445, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-4837-1_30
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Wavelength
RadiaƟon
Amplitude
Doppler NavigaƟon
MoƟon Character
Components Wavelength
Space Locate PropagaƟon
Target LocaƟng ConfiguraƟon
PolarizaƟon
Physical and Chemical CharacterisƟcs of Surface
Boundary CondiƟon
Fig. 30.1 The different characteristics of light figure out the targets’ characteristics
On the other hand, study has verified that all the things in the world, no matter where they are, on the ground or flying in the air, or hiding under the water, will change the polarization characteristics of the light reflected from their surface. In the other words, light reflected from different surfaces will show different p
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