Polarized Induced Magnetic Broadening of Photonic Activities in Fe 3 O 4 -Elastomer Composites
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Polarized Induced Magnetic Broadening of Photonic Activities in Fe3O4-Elastomer Composites Danhao Ma1, Dustin T. Hess2, Pralav P Shetty3, Kofi W. Adu4,5, Richard Bell6 and Mauricio Terrones2 1
Department of Energy Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A. 2 Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A. 3 Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A. 4 Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, U.S.A. 5 Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, Altoona, PA 16601, U.S.A. 6 Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, Altoona, PA 16601, U.S.A.
Abstract We report a systematic study of polarization and magnetic field effects on the optical response of Fe3O4-silicone elastomer composite. The Fe3O4 particles were aligned in a silicone elastomer matrix with an external static magnetic field. Films of composites containing 5wt% of 20nm ≤ d ≤ 30nm Fe3O4 particles aligned in- and out-of-plane in the elastomer host were prepared. The optical spectra of the films were measured with the Perkin-Elmer Lambda 950 UV/vis/NIR spectrometer. We observed a systematic redshift in the optical response of the outof-plane composite films with increasing static magnetic field strength, which saturated near 600 Gauss. We obtained a maximum redshift of ~46 nm at 600 Gauss. The observed redshift in the optical response of the out-of-plane composite film is attributed to the effect of the magnetic field. This facilitated the formation of the highly aligned particles that induced strong electric dipole in the aligned particles. Interestingly, there were no observable shifts with increasing magnetic field strength in the in-plane films, suggesting that the orientation (polarization) of the magnetic dipole and the induced electric dipole play a crucial role in the optical response. Introduction In recent years, there has been an exponential growth of interest in photonic nanostructures due to their fascinating properties and intriguing applications that are complementary or superior to those of their bulk counterparts[1]. Much of this interest is powered by the growing expertise in fabrication techniques that allow synthesis of complex structures that exhibit specific photonic characteristics[2,3], the addressability of their properties via optical and spectroscopic techniques[4,5], and the tunable photophysical characteristics of the metal nanostructures via confinement, surface, shape and size[6,7]. In addition to the extreme sensitivity of the photophysical properties to size, shape and size distribution of the photonic nanostructures, the
surrounding environment plays a critical role in the photonic response[8]. The possibility to actively and rapidly control the photonic modes with an external stimulus such as voltage[10], temperature[11] or magnetic field[12] has opened up new frontiers of fabrication,
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