Polyurethanes Based on Modified Amino Ethers of Boric Acid
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CAL POLYMERS
Polyurethanes Based on Modified Amino Ethers of Boric Acid I. M. Davletbaevaa,*, S. E. Dulmaeva, O. O. Sazonova, A. M. Gumerova, R. S. Davletbaevb, L. R. Valiullinc, and R. G. Ibragimova aKazan
National Research Technological University, Kazan, 420015 Tatarstan, Russia National Research Technical University, Kazan, 420011 Tatarstan, Russia c Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation, and Biological Safety, Kazan, 420075 Tatarstan, Russia *е-mail: [email protected] b Kazan
Received November 7, 2019; revised December 30, 2019; accepted February 13, 2020
Abstract—Using modified amino ethers of boric acid, porous polyurethanes are synthesized, the porous morphology of which is due to the peculiarities of the hyperbranched macromolecular architecture of amino ethers of boric acid. A change in the structure of amino ethers of boric acid by the introduction of terminal bulky substituents with hydroxyl groups contributes to a change in the size and pore size distribution of polyurethanes based on amino ethers of boric acid. It is shown that one of the reasons for the heatsensitive vapor permeability of porous polyurethanes is the hydrophilic nature of the pore surface. Film samples of porous polyurethanes have proven to be an effective substrate for the targeted cultivation of connective tissue at the cellular level. DOI: 10.1134/S156009042004003X
INTRODUCTION The development of hyperbranched polymers is a rapidly developing area in the field of macromolecular compounds [1–4]. Despite the fact that the theoretical justification for the synthesis of branched polymers was proposed by P. Flory back in 1952 [5], the first synthesis of branched systems using aliphatic amines and accompanied by the formation of cascade polymers was carried out in 1978 [6]. Hyperbranched polymers were studied as catalysts [7–13], new materials [14–23], and objects for biomedicine [24–31]. Being a class of polymers with an irregular topological structure, hyperbranched polymers consist of randomly distributed dendritic and linear structural elements. The presence of numerous branching junctions and terminal functional groups gives these polymers unique properties [32–35]. The higher the degree of branching, the lower the viscosity of branched polymers, which affects their relative solubility in various media and miscibility with other polymers. The mechanical properties (tensile strength and elastic modulus) reflect a compact highly branched structure and controllable degree of crosslinking such polymers. Hyperbranched polymers can be used where the structural perfection of dendrimers is not required. Complex and numerous stages of the synthesis of dendrimers lead to expensive products with limited use in large-scale production. Hyperbranched polymers possess properties similar to those of dendrimers and can be easily synthesized in a single step. Some foreign companies (Pestorp Group, DSM Fine Chemicals)
already produce hyperbranched polymers on an industrial scale. The use of hyperbranched polymers is based on the absence
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