Poor self-rated health predicts the incidence of functional disability in elderly community dwellers in Japan: a prospec
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Poor self-rated health predicts the incidence of functional disability in elderly community dwellers in Japan: a prospective cohort study Shuko Takahashi1,2,3* , Kozo Tanno4, Yuki Yonekura5, Masaki Ohsawa6, Toru Kuribayashi7, Yasuhiro Ishibashi8, Shinichi Omama9, Fumitaka Tanaka10, Ryohei Sasaki4, Megumi Tsubota-Utsugi4, Eri Takusari4, Makoto Koshiyama11, Toshiyuki Onoda12, Kiyomi Sakata4, Kazuyoshi Itai13, Akira Okayama14 and on behalf of the Iwate KENCO study group
Abstract Background: Although previous large population studies showed elderly with poor self-rated health (SRH) to be at a high risk of functional disability in Western countries, there have been few studies in which the association between SRH and functional disability was investigated in Japanese community dwellers. The association between SRH and functional disability, defined as certification of the long-term care insurance (LTCI) system, in Japanese elderly community dwellers was examined in this study. Methods: A total of 10,690 individuals (39.5% men, mean age of 71.4 years) who were 65 years of age or more who did not have a history of cardiovascular disease or LTCI certification were followed in this prospective study for 10.5 years. SRH was classified into four categories: good, rather good, neither good nor poor, and poor. A Cox proportional-hazards model was used to determine the hazard ratios (HRs) for the incidence of functional disability among the SRH groups for each sex. Results: The number of individuals with functional disability was 3377. Men who rated poor for SRH scored significantly higher for functional disability (HR [95% confidence interval]: poor = 1.74 [1.42, 2.14]) while women who rated rather good, neither good nor poor, and poor scored significantly higher for functional disability (rather good =1.12 [1.00, 1.25], neither good nor poor = 1.29 [1.13, 1.48], poor = 1.92 [1.65, 2.24]: p for trend < 0.001 in both sexes). Conclusion: Self-rated health, therefore, might be a useful predictor of functional disability in elderly people. Keywords: Aged, Japan, Long-term care insurance, Subjective health, Functional disability, Self-rated health
* Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Division of Medical Education, Iwate Medical University, Idaidori 1-1-1, Yahaba-Cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028-3694, Japan 2 Department of Health and Welfare, Iwate Prefecture, Morioka, Iwate, Japan Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Background It has been reported that poor self-rated health (SRH) is an indication of underlying physical and mental abnormalities that are often difficult to detect through other measures of health such as body weight and blood pressure [1]. Previous studies have shown that poor SRH is associated with mortality [2], morbidity (e.g.,
© The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format,
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