PorePy: an open-source software for simulation of multiphysics processes in fractured porous media
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ORIGINAL PAPER
PorePy: an open-source software for simulation of multiphysics processes in fractured porous media Eirik Keilegavlen 1 Inga Berre 1
&
Runar Berge 1 & Alessio Fumagalli 1,2 & Michele Starnoni 1,3 & Ivar Stefansson 1 & Jhabriel Varela 1 &
Received: 26 August 2019 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Development of models and dedicated numerical methods for dynamics in fractured rocks is an active research field, with research moving towards increasingly advanced process couplings and complex fracture networks. The inclusion of coupled processes in simulation models is challenged by the high aspect ratio of the fractures, the complex geometry of fracture networks, and the crucial impact of processes that completely change characteristics on the fracture-rock interface. This paper provides a general discussion of design principles for introducing fractures in simulators, and defines a framework for integrated modeling, discretization, and computer implementation. The framework is implemented in the open-source simulation software PorePy, which can serve as a flexible prototyping tool for multiphysics problems in fractured rocks. Based on a representation of the fractures and their intersections as lower-dimensional objects, we discuss data structures for mixed-dimensional grids, formulation of multiphysics problems, and discretizations that utilize existing software. We further present a Python implementation of these concepts in the PorePy open-source software tool, which is aimed at coupled simulation of flow and transport in threedimensional fractured reservoirs as well as deformation of fractures and the reservoir in general. We present validation by benchmarks for flow, poroelasticity, and fracture deformation in porous media. The flexibility of the framework is then illustrated by simulations of non-linearly coupled flow and transport and of injection-driven deformation of fractures. All results can be reproduced by openly available simulation scripts. Keywords Fractured reservoirs . Mixed-dimensional geometry . Numerical simulations . Multiphysics . Discrete fracture matrix models . Open-source software . Reproducible science
1 Introduction Simulation of flow, transport, and deformation of fractured rocks is of critical importance to several applications such as Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10596-020-10002-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Eirik Keilegavlen [email protected] 1
Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Pb 7800, 5020 Bergen, Norway
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Present address: MOX Laboratory, Department of Mathematics, Politecnico di Milano, via Bonardi 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Present address: Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
subsurface energy extraction and storage and waste disposal. While the topic has received considerable attention in the last decade, the development of reliable sim
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