Postprandial glycemic response differed by early life nutritional exposure in a longitudinal cohort: a single- and multi
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ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION
Postprandial glycemic response differed by early life nutritional exposure in a longitudinal cohort: a single‑ and multi‑biomarker approach Siran He1 · Ngoc‑Anh Le2 · Manuel Ramìrez‑Zea3 · Reynaldo Martorell4 · K. M. Venkat Narayan4 · Aryeh D. Stein4 Received: 18 March 2020 / Accepted: 14 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose Populations malnourished in early life are at increased risk for cardiometabolic diseases. We assessed if improved nutrition predicts cardiometabolic function, as assessed by postprandial biomarker responses. Methods Participants had been randomized at the village level to receive one of two nutritional supplements as children. At mean age 44 y (range 37–53 years), we obtained plasma samples before and 2 h after a mixed-component meal challenge. We assayed biomarkers including lipids, glycemic measurements, and inflammatory cytokines. We compared postprandial biomarker responses among those who received the improved nutrition intervention from conception through to their second birthday (the first 1000 days) to those with other exposure status, including those who received the improved nutrition intervention at other ages, and those who received the less nutritious supplement. Results Among 1027 participants (59.4% female), 22.9% were exposed to improved nutrition in the first 1000 days. Insulin increased the most in response to the meal challenge (over twofold), and non-esterified fatty acids decreased the most (by half). Glucose increased postprandial by 11.4% in the exposed group, compared with 15.7% in the other exposure group (p 0.05). Conclusion Early life exposure to improved nutrition was associated with a more favorable postprandial glucose response in this population. We did not observe a difference in overall cardiometabolic responses between the exposure groups. Keywords Early life · Nutritional intervention · Cardiometabolic diseases · Diabetes · Obesity · Inflammation
Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-020-02389-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Aryeh D. Stein [email protected] 1
Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
2
Biomarker Core Laboratory, Foundation for Atlanta Veterans Education and Research (FAVER), Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System (AVAHCS), Atlanta, GA, USA
3
INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases (CIIPEC), Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala
4
Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Room 7007, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
The first 1000 days from conception to the second birthday is a critical window for growth and development [1, 2]. During this period of time, balanced maternal diet and optimal infant and young child feeding are e
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