Potential Nutrient Recovery in a Green Biorefinery for Production of Feed, Fuel and Fertilizer for Organic Farming
- PDF / 1,133,244 Bytes
- 11 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 60 Downloads / 197 Views
ORIGINAL PAPER
Potential Nutrient Recovery in a Green Biorefinery for Production of Feed, Fuel and Fertilizer for Organic Farming Maria Santamaria‑Fernandez1 · Nanna Karkov Ytting2,4 · Mette Lübeck1 · Hinrich Uellendahl3 Received: 23 November 2018 / Accepted: 3 October 2019 © Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract Nutrient recovery from organic green biomass after processing in a green biorefinery concept for the production of protein feed, biogas and fertilizer for organic farming was investigated. Mass balances in terms of wet weight, TS, VS, C, N, P, K and S were evaluated for processing red clover and clover grass into protein concentrate, press cake and brown juice according to the green biorefinery concept. Depending on the biomass, between 60 and 79% of C and between 52 and 63% of N, P and S in the fresh biomass were found in the press cake, while only 6–10% of C, 8–15% of N, but up to 27% of P and up to 26% of S were found in the brown juice. In contrast, less than 45% of K was transferred to the press cake and 19–31% of K ended up in the brown juice. Moreover, nutrient recovery in the digestate after anaerobic co-digestion of press cake and brown juice produced from clover grass in a pilot-scale trial was assessed in a bench-scale biogas reactor. The analysis of the digestate from the AD process revealed that 56% of the influent total-C was converted into biogas and that the share of ammonia-N of total-N was increased from 9.4 to 43% during the biogas process. Therefore, the proportion of plant available N was improved in the digestate. The digestate to be applied as organic fertilizer presented a C:N ratio of 7 and a nutrients N:P:K ratio of 4:1:12. Graphic Abstract
Keywords Forage grasses · Legumes · Nitrogen · Ammonia · Biogas · Digestate
* Maria Santamaria‑Fernandez [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
13
Vol.:(0123456789)
Statement of Novelty The extraction of proteins from green biomass within a green biorefinery concept might be a promising alternative to the actual lack of protein-rich feeds. The distribution of nutrients in the different fractions produced along the process (protein concentrate, press cake and brown juice) is the aim of this study. More specifically, the proportion of nutrients remaining in the residual streams after the extraction of proteins, and the potential use of those streams for the production biogas and a nutrient-rich digestate, which could be applied as fertilizer. The distribution of nutrients along a biorefinery process is crucial for improving the use and recovery of nutrients in the final product streams.
Introduction Nowadays, the organic farming sector is developing rapidly in order to meet the increasing demand for organic products. However, the availability of organic protein feed for monogastric animals and organic fertilizer is often a limiting factor for the further development of the organic farming sector. The production of organic protein-rich feed for monogastric animals, of biogas and of organic f
Data Loading...
