Practice patterns of kidney stone management across European and non-European centers: an in-depth investigation from th
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Practice patterns of kidney stone management across European and non‑European centers: an in‑depth investigation from the European Renal Stone Network (ERSN) Pietro Manuel Ferraro1,2 · Robert Unwin3 · Olivier Bonny4 · Giovanni Gambaro5 Received: 14 June 2020 / Accepted: 28 August 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Rationale and objective Kidney stones are a common condition in the general population, however, high-quality evidence for its management is scarce. We propose the creation of an international network with the aim of sharing practice patterns and patient data towards an improvement of our knowledge of the disease. Study design Cross-sectional survey. Setting and participants An online survey was circulated through several scientific societies. Items were grouped into six domains. Each center’s overall score (OS) was also calculated. Analytical approach Chi square and Mann–Whitney tests were performed for differences across centers. Results The countries that contributed most were Italy (8.6%), Turkey (6.6%), France and Spain (6.1%). Some type of nutritional work-up was implemented in 62% of centers. A DEXA scan was performed by 46% of centers, whereas some kind of acidification test was performed by 25% of centers. Most centers (80%) implemented blood investigations at least at baseline. With regard to 24-h urine exams, 7 out of 16 were performed by at least 50% of centers. Information on stone composition was collected by 58% of centers. The OS was significantly higher among higher-volume centers compared with lower-volume centers (p = 0.002). Significant differences between EU and non-EU centers were found. Limitations Cross-sectional design; no validation on information. Conclusions Our survey highlights the potential for the creation of a network of centers that could share information in a common database for observational research and for enrollment of patients in interventional trials. Keywords Biomarkers · Bone mineral density · Epidemiology · Guidelines · Mineral metabolism · Nephrolithiasis
Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s40620-020-00854-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Pietro Manuel Ferraro [email protected] 1
U.O.C. Nefrologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
2
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
3
Department of Renal Medicine, University College London Medical School, London, UK
4
Service of Nephrology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
5
Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
Kidney stones are increasingly common in the general population [1, 2]. Despite their high recurrence rates and costs [3–5], and their association with severe conditions such as end-stage renal disease and cardiovascular disease [6–11], systematic efforts to standardize their evaluation
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