Preparation and Characterization of Conductive Cotton Fabric Impregnated with Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08254-z Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
Preparation and Characterization of Conductive Cotton Fabric Impregnated with Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes FAHAD ALHASHMI ALAMER,1,2 NUJUD M. BADAWI,1 and OMAR ALSALMI1 1.—Department of Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Taif Road, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia. 2.—e-mail: [email protected]
Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-conductive cotton fabric was prepared by a simple infusion method. The SWCNTs became strongly attached to the cotton fibers due to the surface functional groups forming a network on the cotton surface. As a result, the fabric exhibited enhanced electrical conductivity with a low value of sheet resistance (0.006 X). Moreover, the conductive cotton fabric displayed a reversible stable state transition at approximately 75°C, where the resistance of the fabric transitioned from metal to semiconductor behavior. Key words: Cotton, SWCNTs, sheet resistance, stability
INTRODUCTION Conductive cotton fabric can be prepared by using either metal, conductive polymers or carbon conductive fillers such as carbon black, single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes or graphene.1–12 These materials can either coat the fabric or be infused within the fabric. This study will investigate the use of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to develop conductive cotton fabrics. SWCNTs have good mechanical, thermal and electrical properties,13–15 making them a potential candidate for use in a wide range of applications including electrodes,16 nano-electronic devices,17 flexible and transparent films,18 and numerous medical applications.19,20 However, their use is currently limited by cost and cumbersome manufacturing processes. While heated clothing has traditionally used resistive wires powered by electricity as the source of heat, such garments suffer from disadvantages of poor flexibility, localized heating and skin irritation, and they are heavy and uncomfortable to wear.21 Cotton textiles overcome several of these disadvantages but are potentially limited by their low thermal and electrical conductivity and high
(Received July 27, 2019; accepted June 3, 2020)
flammability.22 However, cotton fabrics have high absorptivity for water and many polar solvents,23 making them suitable for the large-scale manufacture of conductive cotton by impregnating them with conductive materials. To take full advantage of the properties of CNTs, they are mixed with various solvents, some of which are not environmentally friendly and can potentially degrade the properties of the CNTs. Huang et al. prepared conductive Lycra with a sheet resistance of 65 X using a ‘‘dyeing-drying’’ process in which the fabric was immersed in SWCNTs ink with 100% prestrain.23,24 In a separate study, Guo et al. prepared conductive Lycra with sheet resistance of 35 X using a ‘‘dipping method’’ in which the fabric was dipped in a SWCNT/polyaniline (PANI) solution.23 Pasta et al. fabricated a supercapacitor with sheet resistance lowe
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