Preparation and characterization of electrodeposited layers as alpha sources for alpha-particle spectrometry
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Preparation and characterization of electrodeposited layers as alpha sources for alpha‑particle spectrometry Young Gun Ko1 Received: 30 April 2020 / Accepted: 19 September 2020 / Published online: 10 October 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract In various methods to determine alpha-emitting radionuclides in matrices, alpha-particle spectrometry with alpha-emitting sources prepared by the electrodeposition has been widely used. Although there are several good review papers on alphaparticle spectrometry and preparation of electrodeposited alpha-emitting sources, the mechanism of analysis procedure and characterizations of alpha-emitting sources have not been reported well. These untouched subjects by other review papers are very significant to improve the analysis procedure. This review focuses on the mechanism of the electrodeposition of alpha-emitting radionuclides on the stainless steel disc, factors for the preparation of electrodeposited alpha-emitting layers, and various characterization methods. Keywords Alpha-emitting radionuclide · Characterization of alpha-emitting source · Mechanism of electrodeposition · Alpha spectrometry
Introduction Various radionuclides are generated by three major pathways of a part of the earth’s layer (primordial), the interaction of cosmic lays with atoms in the earth, and anthropogenic activities [1, 2]. Alpha-emitting radionuclides can be more harmful to the human health than beta and gamma radiations if inhaled or ingested because their interactions with molecules of biological cell can cause carcinogenetic or other physiological diseases, although they have an extremely short penetration depth in media [3, 4]. Therefore, the monitoring of radioactivity of alpha-emitting radionuclides is important in the nearby living environment, nuclear facilities, and nuclear power plants. In various techniques to analyze the alpha-emitting radionuclides, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been preferred because of the simple sample preparation, high sensitivity and short measurement time [5]. However, it is very difficult to use it for the identification and assay of short half-lived radionuclides (
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