Preparation and characterization of PLA composites with modified magnesium hydroxide obtained from seawater
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Preparation and characterization of PLA composites with modified magnesium hydroxide obtained from seawater Sanja Perinović Jozić1 · Dražan Jozić2 · Jelena Jakić3 · Branka Andričić1 Received: 14 January 2020 / Accepted: 14 September 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract Modification of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was performed with the surface modified magnesium hydroxide (mMH) obtained from seawater. Surface modification of MH with different amount of stearic acid (SA) results in chemically bonded SA, stearate as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Based on FT-IR and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis modified filler with a higher amount of SA was used for the composite preparation. PLA/m10MH composites were prepared using laboratory mixing extruder. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was applied to study thermal properties and crystallinity of PLA/mMH composites, while the thermal stability was performed by thermogravimetric analysis (TG). According to DSC analysis, PLA crystallization is primary influenced by the filler. PLA/m10MH composites degrade in four degradation stages. With an increase of m10MH content in the composites, their thermal degradation becomes more complex and their thermal stability is getting worse. XRD and X-ray microcomputed tomography (XμCT), used to obtain structural and microstructural information about PLA/m10MH composites, revealed that addition of m10MH decreases the crystallinity of PLA, increases the porosity of the composite and produces agglomeration of mMH. Keywords Poly(lactic acid) · Magnesium hydroxide · Surface modification · FT-IR · XRD · DSC · TG · XμCT
Introduction Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is the most commercially used biodegradable polymer for different applications, with the emphasis on its decomposition in controlled conditions resulting in a low molecular mass non-toxic compounds and biomass. The increase of diverse applications also came from the fact that PLA production is based on renewable resources, which led to great attention among the scientific and public community. Generally, biodegradable polymers produced from a renewable resource with sufficiently good * Sanja Perinović Jozić sanja@ktf‑split.hr 1
Department of Organic Technology, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
2
Department of Inorganic Technology, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
3
Department of Thermodynamics, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
properties during production and usage present a significant challenge, so an increase of the scientific papers related to PLA that deals with these challenges was expected. The highest degree of commercialization PLA achieved due to the synthesis from the lactic acid produced via a biotechnological route from starch-rich raw materials [1]. The price of PLA in the USA market is close to the market price of
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