Preparation and electrical properties of 4-acetoxystyrene grafted polypropylene for HVDC cable insulation
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Preparation and electrical properties of 4-acetoxystyrene grafted polypropylene for HVDC cable insulation Yue Liang1 · Lizhu Liu1,2 · Wenlong Zhang1,2,3 · Ling Weng1,2 · Deshuai Hu1 · Chunyu Li1 Received: 8 December 2019 / Accepted: 17 January 2020 / Published online: 28 January 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Polypropylene (PP) is considered to be a potential eco-friendly cable insulation material. However, space charge accumulation in PP under high electric stress limits its application for HVDC cable. In this paper, PP was modified with 4-acetoxystyrene (AOS) by melt grafting to improve electric properties. The molecular structure of the polypropylene-graft-4-acetoxystyrene (PP-g-AOS) was characterized by means of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The effects of temperature, screw speed, time, initiator content and monomer content on grafting degree of PP-g-AOS were investigated. Furthermore, the influence of grafting degree of PP-g-AOS on space charge suppression, volume resistivity and dc breakdown field strength was investigated. The FT-IR result showed that AOS was successfully grafted onto PP. It was found that under the proper grafting conditions, the obtained PP-g-AOS exhibited a maximum grafting degree of 1.31%. Moreover, PP-g-AOS with grafting degree of 1.14% can suppress space charge efficiently, and increase both volume resistivity and dc breakdown strength. This provides a new idea for the study of polypropylene HVDC cable insulation.
1 Introduction It is widely recognized that High voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission possesses the advantages of longdistance transmission, bulk-power delivery, asynchronous interconnections, processing costs and long submarine cable crossings [1–4]. Traditional HVDC cables employ extruded cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) as the insulation material due to its favorable combination of low material costs, appropriate electrical and mechanical properties. However, XLPE is difficult to be recycled due to its thermosetting characteristic, and the peroxide-based cross-linking agents used in the manufacture of XLPE also cause environmental pollution [5, 6]. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection around the world, there is a need for * Wenlong Zhang [email protected] 1
College of Material Science & Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
2
Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
3
Yangzhou Longda Electrical Material Co. Ltd, Yangzhou 225222, China
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novel materials to replace XLPE for the next generation of extruded HVDC cables. Polypropylene (PP) has attracted increasing attention of researchers due to its desirable characteristics. PP is a thermoplastic material and holds a higher melting point than polyethylene allowing it to withstand high operating temperatures without cross-linking. It is
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