Preparation of AgCl with enhanced photocatalytic activity using ionic liquid as chlorine source
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Preparation of AgCl with enhanced photocatalytic activity using ionic liquid as chlorine source Zhao Li1 · Jiao Huang1 · Junbo Zhong1,2 · Jianzhang Li1 Received: 22 February 2020 / Accepted: 22 June 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this study, Ag/AgCl photocatalysts were prepared by using chloride ionic liquid (IL) as a chlorine source. The structure, composition, morphology, light response ability and surface properties of IL-AgCl were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, UV–Vis diffuse reflection spectra, specific surface area and surface photovoltage spectrum. The photocatalytic activity of the samples was investigated by measuring the residual concentration of rhodamine B used as a simulated pollutant. The experimental results show that the ionic liquid can promote the stability of AgCl, furthermore, all the IL-AgCl photocatalysts have a higher separation rate of photogenerated charge pairs than the reference AgCl. The surface properties and photocatalytic activity of AgCl prepared tightly relate to the type of IL used, among all the AgCl prepared, AgCl prepared by 1-carboxyethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride has the best catalytic activity. Keywords AgCl · Ionic liquid · Photocatalytic performance · Surface property
1 Introduction Dyes, pesticide residues, antibiotics, and other toxic organic pollutants, due to their high chemical stability, will lead to the enrichment in the organism, ultimately endangering human health [1–3]. Therefore, it is indispensable to develop an effective method to decay these organic pollutants [4, 5]. Due to the advantages of low cost, inexhaustible energy, non-toxic, and environment-friendly, photocatalytic technology has attracted considerable attention [6–8]. It is worth noting that photocatalytic technology can completely mineralize organic pollutants into CO2 and H2O [9, 10]. Among * Junbo Zhong [email protected] * Jianzhang Li [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis of Higher Education Institutes of Sichuan, College of Chemistry and Environment Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, People’s Republic of China
College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong 643000, People’s Republic of China
2
the photocatalysts developed, AgCl has a suitable bandgap and a high photogenerated charge separation rate. Moreover, the metal silver (Ag0) particles decomposed by AgCl under light irradiation can produce surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect, which can significantly enhance the visible light absorption of the photocatalyst, which makes AgCl is a promising photocatalyst [11–13]. However, small specific surface area, easy agglomeration, and high recombination rate of photogenerated carriers (e−/h+) significantly limit the intense application of AgCl [14, 15]. Ionic liquids (ILs) have many outstanding advantages, such as good solubility an
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