Preparation of magnetic biomass-carbon aerogel and its application for adsorption of uranium(VI)
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Preparation of magnetic biomass‑carbon aerogel and its application for adsorption of uranium(VI) Na Yin1,2 · Yong Ai1,2 · Yuanxin Xu1,2 · Yanquan Ouyang1,2 · Pengfei Yang1,2,3 Received: 14 July 2020 / Accepted: 13 September 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract Magnetic carbon aerogels were prepared from inexpensive and readily available winter melon to adsorb U(VI). The morphology, structure, magnetism, characteristic functional groups and chemical bonds of magnetic carbon aerogels were characterized by TEM, SEM, XRD, BET, VSM, FT-IR, XPS. Under the condition of 303 K and pH 6, magnetic carbon aerogel reached adsorption equilibrium within 120 min, with the adsorption capacity of 230.3 mg g–1, much higher than that of carbon aerogel (77.9 mg g–1), which is the function of Fe–O. The good magnetism of magnetic carbon aerogels allows it to be easily separated from the solution by applying magnetic field. The adsorption isotherm data accord with Langmuir isothermal model. Adsorption is a spontaneous and endothermic process. Keywords Biomass · Carbon aerogel · Magnetization · Uranium(VI) · Adsorption
Introduction In order to meet the growing global energy demand, nuclear energy has developed rapidly in recent years due to its environmental friendliness and high efficiency [1]. At the same time, large amounts of uranium are inevitably released into the environment through nuclear fuel cycle activities [2, 3]. Uranium exists in two stable oxidation states, U(IV) and U(VI). The latter form is more toxic to organisms, impairing the biological functions of the brain, kidneys, and liver and ultimately leading to death [4]. Therefore, the removal and extraction of uranium from uranium wastewater or seawater are very important for human health, environmental protection and resource recovery [5]. Over the years, many techniques have been used to remove U(VI) from aqueous * Pengfei Yang [email protected] 1
Hunan Key Laboratory for the Design and Application of Actinide Complexes, Hengyang 421001, China
2
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China
3
Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of Radioactive Control Technology in Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, and Hunan Province Engineering Technology Research Center of Uranium Tailings Treatment Technology, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
solutions, including precipitation [6], solution extraction [7], membrane separation [8], ion exchange [9], and adsorption [10], etc. Adsorption technology has been widely used for its fast balance, high capacity, diversity, low cost, recyclability, and simplicity [11]. Various adsorbents have been widely developed to adsorb U(VI) ions, such as carbon-based materials [12], clay minerals [13], modified silica [14], biomass [15], etc. Among them, carbon-based materials are considered to be suitable for removing U(VI) due to their high heat resistance, radiation resistance, and good chemical stability [16]. Aerogels are unique three-d
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