Preparing Ambient-Processed Perovskite Solar Cells with Better Electronic Properties via Preheating Assisted One-Step De
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NANO EXPRESS
Open Access
Preparing Ambient-Processed Perovskite Solar Cells with Better Electronic Properties via Preheating Assisted One-Step Deposition Method Xi Zhang1, Wenyao Yang2, Jingjing Qi3,4 and Yinggang Hu1*
Abstract Although the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) increases rapidly, there are still some issues that limit their commercialization. The perovskite is sensitive to the water molecules, increasing the difficulty in the preparation of perovskite films in ambient condition. Most high-performance PSCs based on conventional method are required to be prepared in inert atmosphere condition, which increase the fabrication cost. To fabricate the high-quality perovskite in ambient condition, we preheated the substrates and selected the proper anti-solvent. As a result, the target perovskite films show a better crystallinity compared with perovskite film prepared via the conventional one-step deposition method in ambient condition. The PSCs prepared in ambient condition yield the improved PCE of 16.89% from a PCE of 11.59%. Compared with the reference devices, the performance stability of target PSCs is much better than that of reference PSCs. Keywords: Perovskite solar cells, Ambient condition, Crystallinity, Heat-assisted one-step method
Introduction Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been attracting a lot of attention since the organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite was used as the light harvester of solar cells [1–5]. The perovskite film shows numerous excellent photoelectrical properties such as high light absorption coefficient, suitable bandgap, and good charge transport. The latest reported certified highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) reached 25.2% (https://www.nrel.gov/pv/assets/ pdfs/best-research-cell-efficiencies.20200311.pdf). The conventional structure of PSCs contains charge transport layers, light harvester layer, and electrodes [6– 11]. The light harvester layer inserted between charge transport layers is vital for photovoltaic performance of PSCs. Perovskite films are composed of numerous * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan Technology and Business University, Chengdu 611745, Sichuan, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
submicron-sized crystal grains, and the size of these grains is related to the preparation process of perovskite films. Most of the perovskite films were prepared in dry air or inert gas condition to avoid the affection of water molecules on the crystallization process of perovskite films. However, preparing perovskite films in inert gas condition or dry air would increase the fabrication cost, which is unfavored for the commercialization of PSCs. Since 2014, some research groups started to study the preparation method of PSCs in ambient condition [12– 23]. They fabricated the PSCs using two-step method, and they optimized the ingredient and deposition process of perovskite films. The highest PCE reached 16%. Miyasaka group fabric
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