Prevalence of Births and Interactions with Child Protective Services of Children Born to Mothers Diagnosed with an Intel
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Prevalence of Births and Interactions with Child Protective Services of Children Born to Mothers Diagnosed with an Intellectual and/ or Developmental Disability Rebecca Rebbe1 · Sharan E. Brown2 · Rebecca A. Matter3 · Joseph A. Mienko4 Accepted: 10 November 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Objectives Concerns have been raised that parents with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD) interact with child protective services (CPS) at disproportionate rates than the general population as a result of bias and discrimination. However, there has been little empirical evidence to ascertain if these concerns are grounded. This study’s objectives were to identify (a) the prevalence and sociodemographic characteristics of children born to mothers diagnosed with IDD diagnoses, (b) how many of these children interact with CPS (reports and removals) and (c) when these CPS interactions are occurring. Methods The dataset was comprised of linked administrative birth, hospital discharge, and CPS records for all children born in one U.S. state between 1999 and 2013 (N = 1,271,419). CPS records were available through the first quarter of 2018 and CPS reports and removals at the child’s first and fourth birthdays were identified. We conducted chi-square tests and multivariate survival Cox regression models. Results A total of 567 children were identified as born to mothers with IDD diagnoses, which is 4.5 per 10,000 births. Of these children, 21.7% were the subject of a CPS report within 1 year and 35.8% within 4 years. In terms of removals, 6.5% experienced removals by 1 year and 8.6% by 4 years. Conclusions for Practice This study provides population-based knowledge about how and when the children born to mothers diagnosed with IDD interact with CPS. These children have higher rates of CPS interactions than the general population, but these rates are not as high as previously reported. Keywords Child protection · Intellectual disability · Out of home placement · Parents with disabilities · Linked administrative data
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* Rebecca Rebbe [email protected] 1
Suzanne Dwoark‑Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, 1150 South Olive Street, Suite 1400, Los Angeles, CA 90015, USA
2
University Center for Excellence in Developmental Disabilities, University of Washington College of Education, Box 357920, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
3
School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, University of Cape Town Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
4
Center for Social Sector Analytics & Technology, University of Washington School of Social Work, 4101 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
This is the first prospective population-based study utilizing medical and CPS records to examine the prevalence of births and CPS interactions of children born to mothers with IDD diagnoses. We found that children born to mothers with IDD diagnoses were reported to CPS and removed by CPS at higher rates than children born to
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