Prevalence of hyposmia and hypogeusia in 390 COVID-19 hospitalized patients and outpatients: a cross-sectional study
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Prevalence of hyposmia and hypogeusia in 390 COVID-19 hospitalized patients and outpatients: a cross-sectional study Agathe Nouchi 1,2 & Julie Chastang 3,4 & Makoto Miyara 5 & Julie Lejeune 6 & André Soares 3 & Gladys Ibanez 3,4 & David Saadoun 7 & Capucine Morélot-Panzini 8 & Thomas Similowski 8 & Zahir Amoura 9 & Jacques Boddaert 1,5,10 & Eric Caumes 1,2,4 & Alexandre Bleibtreu 1,2 & Alain Lorenzo 3 & Florence Tubach 6 & Valérie Pourcher 1,2,4 Received: 5 June 2020 / Accepted: 30 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Anecdotal evidence rapidly accumulated during March 2020 from sites around the world that sudden hyposmia and hypogeusia are significant symptoms associated with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Our objective was to describe the prevalence of hyposmia and hypogeusia and compare it in hospitalized and non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients to evaluate an association of these symptoms with disease severity. We performed a cross-sectional survey during 5 consecutive days in March 2020, within a tertiary referral center, associated outpatient clinic, and two primary care outpatient facilities in Paris. All SARS-CoV-2-positive patients hospitalized during the study period and able to be interviewed (n = 198), hospital outpatients seen during the previous month (n = 129), and all COVID-19-highly suspect patients in two primary health centers (n = 63) were included. Hospitalized patients were significantly more often male (64 vs 40%) and older (66 vs 43 years old in median) and had significantly more comorbidities than outpatients. Hyposmia and hypogeusia were reported by 33% of patients and occurred significantly less frequently in hospitalized patients (12% and 13%, respectively) than in the health centers’ outpatients (33% and 43%, respectively) and in the hospital outpatients (65% and 60%, respectively). Hyposmia and hypogeusia appeared more frequently after other COVID-19 symptoms. Patients with hyposmia and/or hypogeusia were significantly younger and had significantly less respiratory severity criteria than patients without these symptoms. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction occurs frequently in COVID-19, especially in young, non-severe patients. These symptoms might be a useful tool for initial diagnostic work-up in patients with suspected COVID-19. Keywords COVID-19 . SARS-CoV-2 . Hyposmia . Hypogeusia . Neurovirulence Florence Tubach and Valérie Pourcher contributed equally to this work. * Agathe Nouchi [email protected] 1
Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire APHP, Sorbonne Université, site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
2
Département des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire APHP, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
3
Département de Médecine Générale, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
4
INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire APHP, Sorbonne Université, site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
5
INSERM UMR-S 1135, Cent
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