Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) Among Medical Laboratory Technology Students in UiTM Puncak Alam
Approximately, two billion people are anemic based on the hemoglobin concentrations below recommended thresholds suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO). The most common cause of anemia is iron deficiency anemia (IDA) which is also known as nutri
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Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) Among Medical Laboratory Technology Students in UiTM Puncak Alam Mazura Bahari, Mohd Kamil Ariff Md Fiah, Wan Mazlina Md Saad and Safura Ramli
Abstract Approximately, two billion people are anemic based on the hemoglobin concentrations below recommended thresholds suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO). The most common cause of anemia is iron deficiency anemia (IDA) which is also known as nutritional anemia. The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of IDA among MLT students in UiTM Puncak Alam through laboratory investigations. This cross-sectional study was conducted in UiTM Puncak Alam. Five milliliters of blood samples were drawn from each student into ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tube. The blood samples were used to analyze the full blood count (FBC) and full blood picture (FBP). The serum ferritin test was performed if necessary for confirmation of IDA. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program for Windows version 18.0 and using the Mann– Whitney U test with 95 % confidence interval. This study concludes that the prevalence of IDA among MLT students in UiTM Puncak Alam is 5.6 %. Out of 162 students involved in this study, nine female students were detected as IDA and none of male student with IDA. This study provided the evidence of IDA among UiTM students in Puncak Alam which could be of importance to overcome the IDA problem in UiTM Puncak Alam. Keywords Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) picture (FBP)
Full blood count (FBC) Full blood
M. Bahari (&) M.K.A. Md Fiah W.M.M. Saad S. Ramli Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 N.A. Yacob et al. (eds.), Regional Conference on Science, Technology and Social Sciences (RCSTSS 2014), DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-0534-3_51
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1 Introduction Anemia is a common disease that occurs in every country of the world. Milman (2011) reported that two billion people suffer from anemia worldwide and most of them have iron deficiency anemia (IDA), where 40–50 % of children under 5 years old. World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately two billion people are anemic based on hemoglobin concentrations below recommended thresholds (WHO and UNICEF 2001). Anemia is referred as a condition of low hemoglobin (Hb) concentration in blood which is less than 12 g/dL and it can be caused by several factors (Siti Noor et al. 2006). IDA is the most important cause of microcyctic hypochromic anemia (Siti Noor et al. 2006). Morphology of red blood cells in blood film shows that the red blood cell is small (microcytic) and pale in color (hypochromic). Several studies have been done in Malaysia based on affected group and factor causing IDA. Nadarajan and Eow (2002) concluded that iron deficiency mostly occurred with the regular blood donation as a result of regular iron loss from each donated blood unit. Ferritin level was found to be significantly
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