Prevalence of low back pain in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review
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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Open Access
Prevalence of low back pain in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis: a systematic review Jean Théroux1,2*, Norman Stomski2, Christopher J. Hodgetts2, Ariane Ballard1,3, Christelle Khadra1,3, Sylvie Le May1,3 and Hubert Labelle1,4
Abstract Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the most common spinal deformity occurring in adolescents and its established prevalence varies from 2 to 3%. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis has been identified as a potential risk factor for the development of low back pain in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to systematically review studies of the prevalence of low back pain in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis in order to establish the quality of the evidence and determine whether the prevalence estimates could be statistically pooled. Methods: Systematic electronic searches were undertaken in PubMed, CINAHL, and CENTRAL without any restrictions. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they reported the prevalence of low back pain in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. Studies were excluded if they detailed the prevalence of pain in post-surgical subjects or were published in languages other than English or French. Data were reported qualitatively, since there was insufficient evidence for statistical pooling. Results: The electronic search strategies yielded 1811 unique studies. Only two studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The prevalence of low back pain in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis ranged from 34.7 to 42.0%. However, these prevalence estimates should be viewed cautiously as the included studies were at high risk of bias. Conclusion: The results of this systematic review indicate that adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis frequently experience low back pain. However, there was insufficient evidence to confidently estimate low back pain prevalence in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis and further studies are needed in this area. Keywords: Low back pain, Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, Prevalence
Introduction In developed countries, low back pain commonly occurs and is a leading cause of disability and financial burden [1]. The epidemiology of low back pain has been extensively researched in adults but is less well understood in adolescents [2]. Estimates of the prevalence of low back pain in adolescents vary widely, but a recent systematic review concluded that the 1-week prevalence was 17.7%, and 12-month prevalence was 33.6% [3]. Low back pain impacts significantly on * Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Research Center, Sainte-Justine University Hospital Center, Montreal, QC, Canada 2 School of Health Profession, Murdoch University, 90, South Street, Murdoch 6150, WA, Australia Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
adolescents, as over nine in ten report disability that may include reduced physical activity, school absenteeism, and limitations in daily activities [4–6]. The Scoliosis Research Society defines adolescent idiopathic scoliosis as a three-dimensional s
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