Prion Protein Expression is Correlated with Glioma Grades
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LETTER
Prion Protein Expression is Correlated with Glioma Grades Qiaoli Luo1 • Yisong Wang1 • Dongying Fan1 • Shijie Wang1 • Peigang Wang1
•
Jing An1,2
Received: 8 October 2019 / Accepted: 17 February 2020 Ó Wuhan Institute of Virology, CAS 2020
Dear Editor, Glioma is the most common primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors in human. Gliomas are classified into low-grade glioma (LGG, grades I–II) and high-grade glioma (HGG, grades III–IV) according to the World Health Organization classification guidelines (Louis et al. 2007). Comparing to the LGG, the HGG becomes more aggressive and has a poorer median overall survival. At present, glioma is mainly treated by radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgical resection, but the effect is not ideal, especially for the glioblastoma (GBM), which is the most malignant type of gliomas and is resistant to current therapy protocols. There are several theories about the pathogenesis of glioma, such as radiation (Ohgaki and Kleihues 2005), genetics (Farrell and Plotkin 2007; Goodenberger and Jenkins 2012) and viruses (Lawler. 2015; Xing et al. 2016), while its etiology remains obscure. Therefore, it is urgent to investigate the causes and to identify the promising molecules that target the glioma. Cellular prion protein (PrPC) is a conserved ubiquitously expressed glycoprotein most abundant in CNS, which is anchored to the cell membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) group (Baiardi et al. 2019; Sarnataro et al. 2017). The misfolding form of PrPC is responsible for a range of neurodegenerative diseases including Creutzfeldt-Jakob, familial fatal insomnia, and kuru, etc. (Atkinson et al. 2016). Although the physiological role of PrPC is not completely defined, several evidences propose that
Qiaoli Luo and Yisong Wang have contributed equally to this work. & Peigang Wang [email protected] & Jing An [email protected] 1
Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
2
Center of Epilepsy, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100093, China
PrPC has been attributed to cell adhesion, anti-apoptosis, migration, signaling, viral replication, immune modulation, and cell differentiation (Sarnataro et al. 2017). In some tumors such as oral squamous cell carcinoma, colon cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer and melanoma, the expression level of PrP is upregulated (Yang et al. 2014). As for glioma, previous studies mainly focused on GBM and were usually performed on cell lines or animal models (Barbieri et al. 2011; Corsaro et al. 2016; Iglesia et al. 2017; Lopes et al. 2015; Zhuang et al. 2012). There are rare researches regarding the PrP expression in glioma of different grades. To explore the association between PrP and glioma progression, we detected the expression of PrP in 66 glioma tissues of different grades and 15 control brain tissues from patients with brain trauma, including cortex of occipital lobe, fronta
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