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INTRODUCTION

DUE to attractive physical and mechanical properties, metal matrix composite (MMC) materials have emerged as potential contenders in the arena of engineering materials. The unified combination of metallic properties of the matrix with the ceramic properties of the reinforcement, such as high specific modulus, high specific strength, and thermal stability, MMCs have the potential to serve the spectrum of applications in aerospace, automotive, electronic, and recreation industries.[1–7] The focus has increasingly shifted toward discontinuously-reinforced composites as a competition to continuous fiber reinforced composites from the standpoint of isotropic mechanical properties.[1–7] The concept and advantages of reinforcing a metal are now very well established. Particulate metal matrix composites (PMMCs) have been shown to offer improvements in strength, wear resistance, structural efficiency, reliability, and control of physical properties such as density and coefficient of thermal expansion.[6] To obtain a specific mechanical/physical property, ideally speaking, the MMCs should consist of ultrafine (particle size