Production of a magnetic biosorbent for removing pharmaceutical impurities
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pISSN: 0256-1115 eISSN: 1975-7220
INVITED REVIEW PAPER
INVITED REVIEW PAPER
Production of a magnetic biosorbent for removing pharmaceutical impurities Shokoofeh Fakhrian and Hadi Baseri† School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran (Received 13 November 2019 • Revised 10 February 2020 • Accepted 27 February 2020) AbstractA magnetic biosorbent was synthesized from rice straw (a biological waste) and magnetic particles of Fe3O4. The produced biosorbent, which was characterized by XRD, FE SEM, FTIR, and TGA experiments, was used for adsorption of two drug chemical components of Penicillin G and Amlodipine Besylate from aqueous solutions. Effects of various operating parameters such as adsorption temperature (10 to 70 oC), the dose of adsorbent (1 to 5 g/ L), contact time (30 to 360 min), and pH of system (pH=4 to 11) on the adsorption efficiency were studied. The produced adsorbent can remove impurities with maximum adsorption efficiency of about 95% for Pen-G and 65% for AMB; therefore, it is a good adsorbent for removing pharmaceutical impurities from wastewater. Moreover, the produced biosorbent can easily separate from the solution by using an external magnetic field. Five isotherm models--linear adsorption model, Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips, and Toth--were used for describing the results; and based on Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacity of the produced biosorbent is 164.7 mg/g for Pen-G and 229 mg/g for AMB. The adsorption kinetics was well fitted with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model, and it is shown that the adsorption is extremely in physical mode. Keywords: Nano Adsorbent, Penicillin G, Amlodipine Besylate, Fe3O4, SiO2
and so on [17]. Approximately 10 million tons of silica may be extracted per day from unused rice straw [16]. Silica may be identified as an ideal coating layer for production of adsorbent materials for its several advantages including low-cost, non-toxicity, biocompatibility, high-availability, good porosity, facile surface modification and reaction with other materials [18,19]. Ferrous oxide (Fe2O3 and Fe3O4) has been widely studied as photocatalyst or absorbent material in water treatment systems [21]. Among them, magnetite (Fe3O4) shows strong magnetic effects and, therefore, is widely used for adsorption of impurities from aqueous solutions, because it leads to improve the adsorption efficiency and better separation of adsorbent powder from the solution. For example, the composite of magnetite-activated carbon is used by Akbari and coworkers [21] for adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution. Researchers previously focused on the absorption of various substances such as heavy metal ions [22] or other organic impurities [23] by magnetite. Moreover, many researchers constructed composites of magnetite with organic and inorganic materials and used the produced particles for the treatment of contaminated waters. Among them, SiO2-Fe3O4 composites were produced for removing heavy metals [24] or phosphate [25]. Furthermore, this composite material was used for ad
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