Production of ascorbic acid, total protein, callus and root in vitro of non-heading Chinese cabbage by tissue culture
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Production of ascorbic acid, total protein, callus and root in vitro of non‑heading Chinese cabbage by tissue culture Osama M. Kamal1,2,3,4 · Sayyed Hamad Ahmad Shah1,2,3 · Yan Li1,2,3 · Xilin Hou1,2,3 · Ying Li1,2,3 Received: 18 March 2020 / Accepted: 28 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The objective of the present work was the selection of cultivar, suitable medium and explant type for callus, root production, ascorbic acid, total ascorbic acid, dehydroascorbic and total protein of non-heading Chinese cabbage in two cultivars ‘Caixin’ and ‘Suzhouqing’. We compared 10 types of MS media supplemented with 0.0, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mg/l TDZ; 0.0, 0.25, 0.50 and 1.0 mg/l NAA and 0.0, 5.0, 7.5 and 9.0 mg/l A gNO3 and 5 kinds of explants as embryo, leaf, root, cotyledon and hypocotyl. Maximum frequency of callus fresh weight was recorded with hypocotyl explant, which were cultured on MS + 2.0 mg/l TDZ + 1.0 mg/l NAA + 9.0 mg/l AgNO3 in ‘Suzhouqing’, optimum callus dry weight was obtained on the same media. The highest result for root fresh and dry weight recorded with ‘Caixin’ with MS + 3.0 mg/l TDZ + 1.0 mg/l NAA + 9.0 mg/l AgNO3 when we used embryo as explant. The highest ascorbic acid content was found with callus cultured on MS + 1.0 mg/l TDZ + 0.25 mg/l NAA + 5.0 mg/l AgNO3, when used leaf explant in ‘Caixin’ or root in ‘Suzhouqing’, and there were no significant difference between them. While the highest value of total AsA content was registered with callus cultured on MS + 2.0 mg/l TDZ + 0.25 mg/l NAA + 5.0 mg/l AgNO3 extracted from cotyledon in ‘Caixin’. The highest content of DHA was registered with MS + 2.0 mg/l TDZ + 0.25 mg/l NAA + 5.0 mg/l AgNO3 with cotyledon in ‘Caixin’. Also, in ‘Caixin’ MS + 3.0 mg/l TDZ + 0.25 mg/l NAA + 5.0 mg/l AgNO3 recorded the highest value of total protein content with embryo explant. Keywords Non-heading Chinese cabbage · Ascorbic acid · Total protein · Callus · Root · Tissue culture Abbreviations CKs Cytokinins TDZ Thidiazuron NAA Naphthalene acetic acid AgNO3 Silver nitrate AsA Ascorbic acid T (AsA) Total ascorbic acid
* Ying Li [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
2
Horticultural Department, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
3
Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing 210095, China
4
Horticulture Dept, Faculty of Agriculture, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
DHA Dehydroascorbic acid TP Total protein
Introduction In Brassicaceae family, several species have been shown to be very beneficial medically as it works to reduce and prevent the risk of many types of cancer and chronic diseases, especially cardio-vascular diseases [1]. Age-related chronic diseases are reduced by eating large amounts of Brassica vegetables [5]. The genus Brassica includes some species of worldwide economic importance, such as Brassica rapa L., Brassica oleracea, and Bras
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