Profiling disordered eating patterns and body mass index (BMI) in the English general population
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Profiling disordered eating patterns and body mass index (BMI) in the English general population Orla McBride • Sally McManus • Joanne Thompson Robert L. Palmer • Traolach Brugha
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Received: 12 April 2012 / Accepted: 12 October 2012 / Published online: 30 October 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012
Abstract Purpose Little national evidence exists on disordered eating patterns in the UK. This study examined the prevalence and nature of disordered eating patterns in the National Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007. Method Responses to the screening tool for eating disorders (SCOFF) and body mass index (BMI) were analysed using latent class analysis (n = 7,001). Multinomial logistic regression explored the associations between latent classes and mental health comorbidities. Results The prevalence of possible eating disorders in England using the SCOFF was 6.3 %; this decreased to 1.6 % when accounting for the negative impact feelings about food had on the respondent’s life. Five latent classes were identified: classes 1 and 2 resembled known eating disorders (‘marginal anorexia’ relating to anorexia nervosa and ‘binge eaters’ relating to bulimia nervosa/binge eating disorder); class 3 consisted of people who were obese, but did not experience eating problems; class 4 was morbidly obese, with an elevated risk of anxiety disorders; class 5
O. McBride (&) School of Psychology, University of Ulster, Northland Road, Co. Londonderry, Northern Ireland, UK e-mail: [email protected] S. McManus J. Thompson National Centre for Social Research, London, UK R. L. Palmer Eating Disorders Service, Brandon Unit, Leicester General Hospital, Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, Leicester, UK R. L. Palmer T. Brugha Department of Health Sciences, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
was labelled as ‘normal eaters’, with a low probability of eating problems and a normal BMI. Conclusions Adults assigned to eating disorder type classes are at increased risk for mental health comorbidities and poorer social functioning. Information presented herein on clustering of disordered eating patterns may help clinicians identify those men and women risk for an eating disorder. Keywords Disordered eating patterns General population survey SCOFF Adults Eating disorders
Introduction Eating disorders are complex syndromes characterized by dysfunctional and persistent disturbances in eating attitudes and behaviours, which are generally diagnosed following a full clinical examination. These syndromes can be very debilitating and often co-occur with other mental health problems, particularly anxiety disorders [1], mood disorders and suicidal ideation [2–5], and substance use disorders [6–9]. Establishing the true prevalence of eating disorders is a complex task. In the UK, evidence from primary care databases suggests that in 2000, the incidence rate of anorexia nervosa was 4.7 per 100,000 population (remaining stable since 1988), whereas the rate for bulimia nervosa was 6.6 pe
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