Prognostic Factors of Rectal Cancer in Southern Iran
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Prognostic Factors of Rectal Cancer in Southern Iran Seyed Vahid Hosseini 1 & Abbas Rezaianzadeh 2 & Salar Rahimikazerooni 1 & Alimohammad Bananzadeh 1 & Afrouz Farghadin 1 & Mohammad Zare Band Amiry 1 & Ahmad Izadpanah 1 & Mohammad Mohammadianpanah 1 & Sohrab Iranpour 3 Accepted: 9 November 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Background Rectal cancer accounts for one-third of all colorectal cancer (CRC) cases. Due to physiological and anatomical differences, some researchers consider rectal cancer as a separate organ malignancy during the recent decades. However, limited studies have been conducted in this regard in Iran. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine survival of rectal cancer and its, affecting factors in Fars province, southern Iran. Methods In this cohort study, we used the data of 387 patients with rectal cancer gathered by the Colorectal Research Center of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences between 2007 and 2015. The impact of 35 explanatory factors including demographic information, medical history, pathologic data, and imaging findings was evaluated using Cox regression analysis. Results Out of all patients, 111 ones (29%) died. The median follow-up period was 36 months. The patients’ mean age at diagnosis was 56.72 ± 13.89 years. Their 5-year survival was 65% (95% CI: 58–69%). The results of multiple Cox regression analysis showed that sex (male/female; HR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.15–2.67), vascular invasion (yes/no; HR = 2.40, 95% CI: 1.45– 3.99), and lymph node ratio (> 0.2 vs ≤ 0.2; HR = 2.19, 95% CI: 1.41–3.40) were significantly correlated to survival. Conclusion Various geographical parts of Iran show different rates regarding rectal cancer survival. A better 5-year survival rate was detected by this study for the patients with rectal cancer in Fars province, southern Iran, compared to many parts of the country. Moreover, gender, vascular invasion, and nodal status played an important role in survival of rectal cancer. Keywords Rectal cancer . Colon cancer . Prognostic factors . Colorectal cancer . Survival . Middle East . Prognosis
Introduction More than 14 million new cases of cancer are reported worldwide annually, with colorectal cancer (CRC) accounting for almost 10% of all cases [1]. CRC is most prevalent with
western lifestyle. Thus, while African and Central/South Asian countries have the least incidence of CRC(3–7/ 100,000), European, North American, and Oceanic countries experience the highest incidence(30–50/100,000) [1–4]. However, as a result of changes in lifestyle, there has been
* Salar Rahimikazerooni [email protected]
Ahmad Izadpanah [email protected]
Seyed Vahid Hosseini [email protected]
Mohammad Mohammadianpanah [email protected]
Abbas Rezaianzadeh [email protected]
Sohrab Iranpour [email protected]
Alimohammad Bananzadeh [email protected]
1
Colorecrtal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Afrouz Farghadin [email protected]
2
Breas
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