Progranulin and Central Nervous System Disorders
This book presents the latest knowledge on the roles of progranulin (PGRN) in normal physiology and pathology and explores the emerging significance of PGRN as a therapeutic target and biomarker in various CNS disorders, including frontotem
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in and Central Nervous System Disorders
Progranulin and Central Nervous System Disorders
Hideaki Hara • Masato Hosokawa Shinsuke Nakamura Takayoshi Shimohata • Masugi Nishihara Editors
Progranulin and Central Nervous System Disorders
Editors Hideaki Hara Molecular Pharmacology Department of Biofunctional Evaluation Gifu Pharmaceutical University Gifu, Japan Shinsuke Nakamura Molecular Pharmacology Department of Biofunctional Evaluation Gifu Pharmaceutical University Gifu, Japan Masugi Nishihara Department of Veterinary Physiology Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan
Masato Hosokawa Dementia Research Project Department of Dementia and Higher Brain Function Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science Tokyo, Japan Takayoshi Shimohata Department of Neurology Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu, Japan
ISBN 978-981-13-6185-2 ISBN 978-981-13-6186-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6186-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2019935532 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
Preface
Progranulin (PGRN), which was identified as a sex steroid-inducible gene in the brain, is a protein also known as acrogranin, granulin/epithelin precursor, proepithelin, and PC cell-derived growth factor. It is an 88-kDa glycoprotein involved in masculinization of the brain during the perinatal period and facilitation of adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Recently, PGRN has been shown to promote neuronal survival and the regulation of inflammation in the brain, retina, and spinal cord. In other words, PGRN has variable effects on the central nervous
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