Promising Bacillus subtilis strains BZR 336g and BZR 517 for biocontrol of blackcurrant against Septoria leaf spot under
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Promising Bacillus subtilis strains BZR 336g and BZR 517 for biocontrol of blackcurrant against Septoria leaf spot under unfavorable climate conditions Margarita Shternshis 1
&
Anzhela Asaturova 1
&
Tatyana Shpatova 1,2
&
Natalya Zhevnova 1
&
Anna Homyak 1
Received: 17 February 2020 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 # Società Italiana di Patologia Vegetale (S.I.Pa.V.) 2020
Abstract Septoria leaf spot is the most serious blackcurrant disease in Western Siberia. Two Bacillus subtilis strains BZR 336g and BZR 517 isolated in geographically distant locality (south of Russia) were evaluated for the blackcurrant disease suppression in field experiments (Western Siberia). The field trials were conducted on two cultivars differed by their susceptibility to Septoria ribis in two consecutive years differed by environmental conditions. As a rule, plant treatment with bacterial suspensions (105 and 106 CFU/ml) significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the disease severity compared with the untreated blackcurrant plants. In some cases, the effect of bacterial strains was comparable to that of chemical fungicide Topaz, CE 0.1%. Biological control of blackcurrant disease caused by S. ribis depended on B. subtilis strain, concentration of bacterial suspension, plant cultivars, and weather conditions. For the first time, we showed that B. subtilis strains isolated in a region with warm climate effectively suppressed the main blackcurrant disease in geographically distant locality with cold climate. Keywords Bacillus subtilis . Septoria ribis . Biocontrol . Blackcurrant . Climate
Blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) is cultivated in many countries due to the ability of the plants to survive under unfavorable environmental condition (Hummer and Dale 2010). Therefore, the cultivation of this berry crop is especially important in areas with a severe climate and a sudden drop or rise in temperature and humidity. This relates to the region of
* Anzhela Asaturova [email protected] Margarita Shternshis [email protected] Tatyana Shpatova [email protected] Natalya Zhevnova [email protected] Anna Homyak [email protected] 1
All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Plant Protection, p/o 39, Krasnodar, Russian Federation 350039
2
Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Dobrolubov 160, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation 630039
Western Siberia (Russia) with a sharply continental climate. The main harmful disease of blackcurrant in Western Siberia is leaf spot caused by the fungus Septoria ribis Desm. (Mycosphaerella ribis Lind.). In some years, the disease can damage up to 50–80% of the crop yield. In view of the increasing problems of environmental pollution, it is urgent to search for more potential biological agents for plant disease control. This is very desirable for the regions with a short growing season, such as Western Siberia, where the full restoration of nature from the negative effects of chemicals is impossible due to the short growing season (Shternshis 2005). Therefore, there is urgency for the
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