Properties of Vegetable Fluids: A Green Insulator for Power Sector
This chapter deals with the properties (physical, thermal, chemical, and electrical) of natural esters to be used as insulating fluids. This chapter also describes the effect of various additives (antioxidant additive, pour point depressant, etc.) on the
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Properties of Vegetable Fluids: A Green Insulator for Power Sector
Abstract This chapter deals with the properties (physical, thermal, chemical, and electrical) of natural esters to be used as insulating fluids. This chapter also describes the effect of various additives (antioxidant additive, pour point depressant, etc.) on the properties of vegetable oil-based natural esters. It also gives detailed discussion on current research scenario of vegetable oil-based ester fluids for power sector. It also includes challenges and technical difficulties of vegetable ester fluids as a liquid insulator; it also covers comparison between vegetable oil fluids and mineral oils as liquid insulators for transformer application. Keywords Natural ester • Biodegradable • Electrical properties • Renewable source • Gassing tendency
7.1 Introduction For more than half a century, most of the power transformers have been used with mineral oils. Due to its availability, enhanced properties, good compatibility with a cellulose paper insulation, and low cost, substantial use of petroleum-based mineral oils has been justified. Recently, environmental concerns become more imperative, usage of oil having higher fire point and biocompatibility becoming more attractive. Thus, currently available vegetable oil (a renewable source)-based natural ester fluids have provided a substitute to mineral oils for use in transformers as an insulating fluid and cooling agent. It is an interesting challenge converting from mineral oil to vegetable oil, due to distinguished properties that affect both design and manufacturing processes. To proceed further, it is essential to understand the variations that predominantly occur in terms of insulation, thermal properties, processing, diagnostic, and cost issues. Nowadays, power equipment (transformers, switch gears, capacitors, etc.) are filling with various liquid insulators, viz., silicon, mineral oils, and synthetic and vegetable esters, depending on the usage of each type on justifying its end use. Due to the increasing call for use of eco-products in power sector, various power industries are working on the development of usage of vegetable esters in power © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018 D. Gnanasekaran, V.P. Chavidi, Vegetable Oil based Bio-lubricants and Transformer Fluids, Materials Forming, Machining and Tribology, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-4870-8_7
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7 Properties of Vegetable Fluids: A Green Insulator for Power Sector Performance & Evaluation of vegetable oil as Insulating fluids Properties
Electrical
Resistivity
BDV
Physical
Chemical
Oxidation stability
Tan δ
Viscosity
Pour point
Acidity
Aging
Flash point
LITERATURE SURVEY CONCLUSION
Fig. 7.1 Essence of the chapter
transformers. The content of this chapter is briefly presented in Fig. 7.1, and the detailed discussion is as follows.
7.2 Properties of Natural Ester Fluids Vegetable ester fluids are processed from various plant-based seed oils. Physical and chemical properties of ester liquids depend on sources
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