Protein distribution affects muscle mass based on differences in postprandial muscle protein synthesis and plasma leucin
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Protein distribution affects muscle mass based on differences in postprandial muscle protein synthesis and plasma leucine in rats Layne E Norton1*, Gabriel J Wilson1, Donald K Layman1, Chris J Moulton1, Peter J Garlick1,2 From International Society of Sports Nutrition: 9th Annual ISSN Conference and Expo Clearwater, FL, USA. 22-23 June 2012 Background Current protein recommendations are on a gram per day basis and do not account for individual meal responses of muscle protein metabolism. The purpose of this experiment was to examine if protein distribution could affect long-term body composition and muscle mass in rats isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets, using the same protein source. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats (275g) were fed isocaloric/isonitrogenous meals containing whey protein, with protein either distributed evenly at 16% of total energy over 3 meals (ED-Whey) or unevenly distributed over 3 meals (UD-Whey) with the first 2 meals containing only 8% of energy from whey protein and only the dinner meal containing sufficient protein to optimize muscle protein synthesis (MPS) (27.5% of total energy from whey protein) for 11 weeks. Measurements were taken to assess postprandial rates of MPS, plasma amino acids, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, and the animals’ body composition was assessed by Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Hind limb muscle weights were taken to asses differences in muscle mass. Results The ED-Whey treatment with evenly distributed protein produced a greater MPS response at the breakfast meal (p
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